Eastman Kodak Company, 2004
March 2004
H-1-5234t
TECHNICAL DATA / BLACK-AND-WHITE INTERMEDIATE FILM
EASTMAN Fine Grain Duplicating
Panchromatic Negative Film 2234,
3234, 5234, 7234
EASTMAN Fine Grain Duplicating Panchromatic Negative
Film 5234/7234 and EASTMAN Fine Grain Duplicating
Panchromatic Negative Film 2234/3234, ESTAR Base, are
characterized by very high sharpness. They have
panchromatic sensitivity. These low-speed, black-and-white
films are designed for making duplicate negatives from
master positives, or internegatives from reversal originals.
When used with EASTMAN Fine Grain Duplicating
Positive Film 5366/7366, they produce negatives nearly
equal to the original negative in tone rendering and printing
detail.
BASE
5234/7234 Film has a gray acetate safety base. The back side
of the base contains an anti-static layer with a carnauba wax
lubricant.
2234/3234 Film has a gray ESTAR (polyester) base. The
backside of the base contains a process-surviving anti-static
layer.
DARKROOM RECOMMENDATIONS
Use a KODAK No. 3 Safelight Filter / dark green, with a
15-watt bulb, no closer to the film than 1.2 metres (4 feet).
STORAGE
Store unexposed film at 13
C (55
F) or lower. For extended
storage, store at -18
C (0
F) or lower. Process exposed film
promptly. Store processed film according to the
recommendations in ANSI/PIMA IT9.11-1998: for
medium-term storage (minimum of ten years), store at 25
C
(77
F) or lower at a relative humidity of 20 to 50 percent; for
extended-term storage (for preservation of material having
permanent value), store at 21
C (70
F) or lower at a relative
humidity of 20 to 30 percent. For active use, store at 25
C
(77
F) or lower, at a relative humidity of 50 +/- 5 percent.
This relates to optimized film handling rather than
preservation; static, dust-attraction and curl-related
problems are generally minimized at the higher relative
humidity. After usage, the film should be returned to the
appropriate medium- or long-term storage conditions as
soon as possible.
For more information about medium- and long-term
storage, see ANSI/PIMA IT9.11-1998, SMPTE
RP131-1998, and KODAK Publications No. H-1, KODAK
Motion Picture Film, and No. H-23, The Book of Film Care.
PROCESSING
The following process recommendations should be used as
starting points for most conventional continuous-immersion
processors with solutions prepared according to the formulas
in KODAK Publication No.H-24.15, Manual for Processing
KODAK Motion Picture Films, Module 15. The processing
times may require modification for a particular machine.
Note: Observe precautionary information on product labels
and on the Material Safety Data Sheets.
1
Agitation in the developer and fixing bath should be by recirculation
through submerged spray jets that impinge on the film strands.
2
Develop to recommended control gamma.
3
Countercurrent flow of fixer-laden water overflow from the wash tank, pH
about 6.
4
Many factors affect the drying: air temperature, relative humidity (RH);
volume, rate and distribution of the air flow; final squeegeeing, etc.
In a conventional convection-type drying cabinet with air
at about 95
F (35
C) and 40 to 50 percent RH, drying will
take 15 to 20 minutes. With an impingement-type drying
cabinet, however, with a higher temperature and lower RH,
drying time is greatly reduced. With either type of dryer, the
film should be dry without tackiness 1/2 to 2/3 of the way
through. Upon cooling to room temperature after leaving the
dryer, the film should be in equilibrium with the room air at
approximately 50 percent RH.
IDENTIFICATION
After processing, the product code numbers 2234, 3234,
5234, or 7234; emulsion and roll identification; and
KEYKODE number (KD) are visible along the length of the
film.
Processing
Step
Temperature
Time
Replenishment
Rate
(mL per 100 ft)
35 mm
16 mm
KODAK
Developer
D-96
1
70 +-1/2 F
(21 +-0.3 C)
-
2
1250
(D-96R)
625
(D-96R)
Stop Rinse
3
70 +-2 F
(21 +-1 C)
50 sec
12,000
6000
KODAK Fixing
Bath
F-5
1
70 +-2 F
(21 +-1 C)
6 min
850
425
Wash
(counter-current)
70 +-2 F
(21 +-1 C)
10 min
12,000
6000
Dry
95 F (35 C)
-
4
2
EASTMAN Fine Grain Duplicating Panchromatic Negative Film 2234, 3234, 5234, 7234
H-1-5234t
IMAGE STRUCTURE
MTF
The modulation-transfer curves, the diffuse rms granularity,
and the resolving-power data were generated from samples
of 5234 Film exposed with tungsten light and processed as
recommended in Process D-96 at 70
F (21
C) to the
recommended control gamma. For more information on
image-structure characteristics, see KODAK Publication
No. H-1, KODAK Motion Picture Film.
rms Granularity
Refer to curve.
Read with a microdensitometer using a 48-micrometer
aperture.
The "perception" of the graininess of any film is highly
dependent on scene content, complexity, color, and density.
Other factors, such as film age, processing, exposure
conditions, and telecine transfer may also have significant
effects.
AVAILABLE ROLL LENGTHS
For information on film roll lengths, check KODAK Motion
Picture Film Price Catalog or see a Kodak sales
representative in your country.
CURVES
Characteristic Curves
12 min. =0.78
8 min. =0.65
4 min. =0.47
Density
Time
Time Fog
(Net)
FOG DENSITY
12
10
0.05
0.10
8
6
2
GAMMA
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.8
0.7
DEVELOPMENT TIME
(minutes)
F010_0020AC
D-96 at 21 C (70 F)
KODAK Heat Absorbing Glass No. 4023
3.0
Characteristic Curves
Status M (Blue)
Tungsten, 1/100 second with
KODAK Developer
Process:
Exposure:
Densitometry:
2.0
1.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
DENSITY
0.0
0.0
1.0
LOG EXPOSURE (lux-seconds)
Base Density
Spectral Sensitivity Curves
NOTICE: The sensitometric curves and data in this
publication represent product tested under the conditions of
exposure and processing specified. They are representative
of production coatings, and therefore do not apply directly to
a particular box or roll of photographic material. They do not
represent standards or specifications that must be met by
Eastman Kodak Company. The company reserves the right
to change and improve product characteristics at any time.
700
750
650
600
550
500
450
400
350
300
250
*Sensitivity = reciprocal of exposure (ergs/cm ) required
to produce specified density
WAVELENGTH (nm)
2
LOG SENSITIVITY
3.0
*
2.0
1.0
0.0
1.0
Diffuse visual
1.4 sec
Process:
Effective Exposure:
Densitometry:
p
y
at 21 C (70 F) to recommended
KODAK Developer D-96
control gamma
D = 0.3 Above gross fog
D = 1.0 Above gross fog
F010_0021AC
100
1
2
3 4 5
10
20
50
200
600
SPATIAL FREQUENCY (cycles/mm)
RESPONSE (%)
10
1
2
5
3
7
30
20
100
70
50
200
Modulation Transfer Curve
F
AC
control gamma
KODAK Developer D-96
at 21 C (70 F) to recommended
Densitometry:
Effective Exposure:
Process:
Tungsten
Diffuse visual
EASTMAN Fine Grain Duplicating Panchromatic Negative Film 2234, 3234, 5234, 7234
H-1-5234t
3
MORE INFORMATION
Outside the United States and Canada, please contact your Kodak representative.
You can also visit our web site at www.kodak.com/go/motion for further
information. You may want to bookmark our location so you can find us easily the next
time.
Films
Cinematographer's Field Guide
KODAK Publication No. H-2
Image Structure
KODAK Motion Picture Film
KODAK Publication No. H-1
Specification Numbers
Cinematographer's Field Guide
KODAK Publication No. H-2
Storage
KODAK Motion Picture Film
KODAK Publication No. H-1
The Book of Film Care
KODAK Publication No. H-23
LAD
LAD--Laboratory Aim Density
KODAK Publication No. H-61
Transfer
KODAK Telecine Analysis Film User's Guide
KODAK Publication No. H-822
KODAK Telecine Exposure Calibration Film User's Guide
KODAK Publication No. H-807
EASTMAN Fine Grain Duplicating Panchromatic Negative Film 2234, 3234,
5234, 7234
Revised 3-04
Printed in U.S.A.
EASTMAN Fine Grain Duplicating
Panchromatic Negative Film 2234,
3234, 5234, 7234
KODAK Publication No. H-1-5234t
Kodak Locations
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AND CANADA: 1-800-621-FILM
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REGION
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Phone: 61 3 8371 8520
Fax: 61 3 9353 2962
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Guangzhou: 8620-8319-8888
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Phone: 852-2564-9352
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Phone: 91-22-652-6826
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Phone: 603-7957-2722
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