OmniVision Technologies, Inc. 930 Thompson Place Sunnyvale, CA 94086 U.S.A.
Tel: (408) 733-3030 Fax: (408) 733-3061
e-mail: info@ovt.com
Website: http://www.ovt.com
OV6620/OV6120
Advanced Information
Preliminary
Version 1.11, 14 May 1999
Array Elements (CIF)
(QCIF)
356 x 292
(176 x 144)
Pixel Size
9.0 x 8.2
m
Image Area
3.1 x 2.5 mm
Max Frames/Sec
Up to 60 FPS
Electronic
Exposure
Up to 500 : 1
(for selected FPS)
Scan Mode
progressive
Gamma Correction
0.45/.55/1.0
Min. Illumination
(3000K)
OV6620 - < 3 lux @ f1.2
OV6120 - < 0.5 lux @ f1.2
S/N Ratio
(Digital Camera Out)
> 48 dB
(AGC = Off, Gamma = 1)
FPN
< 0.03% V
P-P
Dark Current
< 0.2 nA/cm
2
Dynamic Range
> 72 dB
Power Supply
5VDC, 5% (Anal.)
5VDC or 3.3VDC (DIO)
Power
Requirements
< 80mW Active
< 30
W Standby
Package
48 pin LCC
OV6620/OV6120 PIN ASSIGNMENTS
6
5
4
3
2
1
4
8
4
7
4
6
4
5
4
4
4
3
A
S
U
B
V
R
C
A
P
2
F
R
E
X
A
G
C
E
N
R
E
S
E
T
S
V
D
D
S
G
N
D
M
U
L
T
S
D
A
S
C
L
D
E
V
D
D
D
E
G
N
D
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
AGND
AVDD
PWDN
VRCAP1
VRCAP3
IICB
VTO
ADVDD
ADGND
VSYNC/CSYS
FODD/CLK
HREF/VSFRAM
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
DGND
DOVDD
PWDB/PCLK
CS0/Y7
CS2/Y6
SHARP/Y5
CS1/Y4
RGB/Y3
G2X/Y2
Y1
CBAR/Y0
BW/CHSYNC
1
9
2
0
2
1
2
2
2
3
2
4
2
5
2
6
2
7
2
8
2
9
3
0
U
V
7
/
B
8
U
V
6
A
B
K
E
N
U
V
5
/
M
I
R
U
V
4
U
V
3
U
V
2
/
Q
C
I
F
U
V
1
/
C
C
I
R
6
5
6
U
V
0
/
G
A
M
M
A
X
C
L
K
1
X
C
L
K
2
D
V
D
D
D
G
N
D
OV6620/OV6120
General Description
The OV6620 (color) and OV6120 (black and white) CMOS Im-
age sensors are single-chip video/imaging camera devices
designed to provide a high level of functionality in a single,
small-footprint package. Both devices incorporate a 352 x 288
image array capable of operating up to 60 frames per second
image capture. Proprietary sensor technology utilizes ad-
vanced algorithms to cancel Fixed Pattern Noise (FPN), elim-
inate smearing, and drastically reduce blooming. All needed
camera functions including exposure control, gamma, gain,
white balance, color matrix, windowing, and more, are pro-
grammable through an I
2
C interface. Both devices can be pro-
grammed to provide image output in either 8-bit or 16-bit
digital formats.
Applications include: Video Conferencing, Video Phone, Vid-
eo Mail, Still Image, and PC Multimedia.
OV6620 SINGLE-CHIP CMOS CIF COLOR DIGITAL CAMERA
OV6120 SINGLE-CHIP CMOS CIF B&W DIGITAL CAMERA
Features
n
101,376 pixels, 1/4" lens, CIF/QCIF format
n
Progressive scan read out
n
Data format - YCrCb 4:2:2, GRB 4:2:2, RGB Raw Data
n
8/16 bit video data: CCIR601, CCIR656, ZV port
n
Wide dynamic range, anti-blooming, zero smearing
n
Electronic exposure / Gain / white balance control
n
Image enhancement - brightness, contrast, gamma,
saturation, sharpness, window, etc.
n
Internal/external synchronization
n
Frame exposure/line exposure option
n
5-Volt operation, low power dissipation
< 80 mW active power
< 10
A in power-save mode
n
Gamma correction (0.45/0.55/1.00)
n
I
2
C programmable (400 kb/s):
color saturation, brightness, contrast, white balance,
exposure time, gain
Table 1. Pin Description
Pin No.
Name
Pin Type
Function/Description
01
SVDD
V
in
Array power (+5VDC)
02
RESET
Function
(Default = 0)
Chip Reset, active high
03
AGCEN
Function
(Default = 0)
Automatic Gain Control (AGC) selection
"0" - Disable AGC
"1" - Enable AGC
NOTE: This function is disabled when OV6620/OV6120 sensor is config-
ured in I
2
C mode.
04
FREX
Function
(Default = 0)
Frame Exposure Control
"0" - Disable Frame Exposure Control
"1" - Enable Frame Exposure Control
05
VRCAP2
V
ref
(2.5V)
Array reference. Connect to ground through 0.1 uF capacitor.
06
ASUB
V
in
Analog substrate voltage
07
AGND
V
in
Analog ground
08
AVDD
V
in
Analog power supply (+5VDC)
09
PWDN
Function
(Default = 0)
Power down mode selection
"0" - normal mode
"1" - power down mode
10
VrCAP1
N/C
Internal voltage reference. Connect to ground through 0.1 F capacitor.
11
VrCAP3
Internal voltage reference. Connect to ground through 1 F capacitor.
12
IICB
Function
(Default = 0)
I
2
C enable selection
"0" - Enable I
2
C
"1" - Enable autocontrol mode
13
VTO
O
Luminance Composite Signal Output
14
ADVDD
V
in
Analog power supply (+5VDC)
15
ADGND
V
in
Analog signal ground
16
VSYNC/CSYS
I/O
Vertical sync output. At power up, read as CSYS.
17
FODD/CLK
I/O
Field ID FODD output or main clock output
18
HREF/VSFRAM
I/O
HREF output. At power up, read as VSFRAM
19
UV7/B8
I/O
Bit 7 of U video component output. At power up, sampled as B8.
20
UV6/ABKEN
I/O
Bit 6 of U video component output. At power up, sampled as ABKEN.
21
UV5/MIR
I/O
Bit 5 of U video component output. At power up, sampled as MIR.
22
UV4
I/O
Bit 4of U video component output.
23
UV3
I/O
Bit 3 of U video component output.
OV6620/OV6120
SINGLE IC CMOS COLOR AND B/W DIGITAL CAMERAS
O
MNI
V
ISION
T
ECHNOLOGIES
, Inc.
14 May 1999
Version 1.11
3
OV6620/OV6120
SINGLE IC CMOS COLOR AND B/W DIGITAL CAMERAS
O
MNI
V
ISION
T
ECHNOLOGIES
, Inc.
Advanced Information
Preliminary
24
UV2/QCIF
I/O
Bit 2 of U video component output. At power up, sampled as QCIF.
25
UV1/CC656
I/O
Bit 1 of U video component output. At power up, sampled as CC656.
26
UV0/GAMMA
I/O
Bit 0 of U video component output. At power up, sampled as GAMMA.
27
XCLK1
I
Crystal clock input
28
XCLK2
O
Crystal clock output
29
DVDD
V
in
Digital power supply (+5VDC)
30
DGND
V
in
Digital ground
31
DOGND
V
in
Digital interface output buffer ground
32
DOVDD
V
in
Digital interface output buffer power supply (+5VDC)
33
PCLK/PWDB
I/O
PCLK output. At power up sampled as PWDB.
34
Y7/CS0
I/O
Bit 7 of Y video component output. At power up, sampled as CS0.
35
Y6/CS2
I/O
Bit 6 of Y video component output. At power up, sampled as CS2.
36
Y5/SHARP
I/O
Bit 5 of Y video component. At power up, sampled as SHARP.
37
Y4/CS1
I/O
Bit 4 of Y video component. At power up, sampled as CS1
38
Y3/RGB
I/O
Bit 3 of Y video component output. At power up, sampled as RGB.
39
Y2/G2X
I/O
Bit 2 of Y video component output. At power up, sampled as G2X.
40
Y1
I/O
Bit 1 of Y video component output.
41
Y0/CBAR
I/O
Bit 0 of Y video component output. At power up, sampled as CBAR.
42
CHSYNC/BW
I/O
CHSYNC output. At power up, sampled as BW.
43
DEGND
V
in
Decoder ground.
44
DEVDD
V
in
Decoder power supply (+5VDC)
45
SCL
I
I
2
C serial interface clock input
46
SDA
I/O
I
2
C serial interface data input and output.
47
MULT
Function
(Default = 0)
I
2
C slave selection
"0" - Select single slave ID
"1" - Enable multiple (8) slaves
48
SGND
V
in
Array ground
Table 1. Pin Description
Pin No.
Name
Pin Type
Function/Description
OV6620/OV6120
4
Version 1.11
14 May 1999
SINGLE IC CMOS COLOR AND B/W DIGITAL CAMERAS
O
MNI
V
ISION
T
ECHNOLOGIES
, Inc.
Advanced Information
Preliminary
Figure 1. OV6620/OV6120 CMOS Image Sensor Block Diagram
AWBTH/
VTO
image
r
o
w
s
e
l
e
c
t
column sense amp
array
Cb
Cr
Y
GAMMA
white
exposure
detect
WB
control
balance
detect
AWB
AGCEN
XVCLK1
(356x292)
1/2
sys-clk
r
g
b
FODD
VSYNC
HREF
PCLK
video timing generator
FZEX
exposure control
FREZ
CHSYNC
mx
ADC
f
o
r
m
a
t
t
e
r
Y(7:0)
UV(7:0)
I
2
C
interface
SCL SDA
registers
v
i
d
e
o
p
o
r
t
ADC
IICB
analog processing
FSIN
MIR
DENB
mx
PROG
AWBTM
1.1
Overview
Referring to Figure 1, OV6620/OV6120 CMOS Image
Sensor Block Diagram below, the OV6620 sensor in-
cludes a 356 x 292 resolution image array, an analog
signal processor, dual 8-bit Analog-to-Digital convert-
ers, analog video multiplexer, digital data formatter and
video port, I
2
C interface and registers, digital controls in-
cluding timing block, exposure, and black and white
balance.
The OV6620/OV6120 sensor is a 1/4-inch CMOS imag-
ing device. The sensor contains approximately 101,376
pixels. Its design is based on a field integration read-out
system with line-by-line transfer and an electronic shut-
ter with a synchronous pixel read out scheme. The color
filter of the sensor consists of a primary color RG/GB ar-
ray arranged in line-alternating fashion.
1. Functional Description
(Note: References to color features do not apply to the OV6120 B&W Digital Image Sensor.)
14 May 1999
Version 1.11
5
OV6620/OV6120
SINGLE IC CMOS COLOR AND B/W DIGITAL CAMERAS
O
MNI
V
ISION
T
ECHNOLOGIES
, Inc.
Advanced Information
Preliminary
1.2
Analog Processor Circuits
1.2.1
Overview
The image is captured by the 356 x 592 pixel image ar-
ray and routed to the analog processing section where
the majority of signal processing occurs. This block con-
tains the circuitry which performs color separation, ma-
trixing, Automatic Gain Control (AGC), gamma
correction, color correction, color balance, black level
calibration, "knee" smoothing, aperture correction, and
controls for picture luminance, chrominance, and anti-
alias filtering. The analog video signals are based on
the following formula:
Y = 0.59G + 0.31R + 0.11B
U = R-Y
V = B-Y
where R,G,B are the equivalent color components in
each pixel.
A YCrCb format is also supported, based on the formula
below:
Y = 0.59G + 0.31R + 0.11B
Cr = 0.713 x (R - Y)
Cb = 0.564 x (B - Y)
The YCrCb/RGB Raw Data signal from the analog pro-
cessing section is fed to two on-chip 8-bit Analog-to-
Digital (A-to-D) converters: one for the Y/RG channel
and one shared by the CrCb/BG channels. The A-to-D
converted data stream is further conditioned in the digi-
tal formatter. The processed signal is delivered to the
digital video port through the video multiplexer which
routes the user-selected 16-, 8-, or 4-bit video data the
correct output pins.
The on-chip 8-bit A-to-D converters operate at up to 9
MHz, fully synchronous to the pixel rate. Actual conver-
sion rate is set as a function of the frame rate. A-to-D
black-level calibration circuitry ensures the following:
the black level of Y/RGB is normalized to a value of 16
the peak white level is limited to 240
CrCb black level is 128
Peak/Bottom is 240/16
RGB raw data output range is 16/240
(Note: Values 0 and 255 are reserved for sync flag)
1.2.2
Image Processing
The algorithm used for the electronic exposure control
is based on the brightness of the full image. The expo-
sure is optimized for a "normal" scene which assumes
the subject is well lit relative to the background. In situ-
ations where the image is not well lit, the Automatic Ex-
posure Control (AEC) White/Black ratio may be
adjusted to suit the needs of the application.
Additional on-chip functions include Automatic Gain
Control (AGC) which provides a gain boost of up to
24dB. White balance control enables setting of proper
color temperature and can be programmed for automat-
ic or manual operation. Separate saturation, brightness,
contrast, and sharpness adjustments allow for further
fine tuning of the picture quality and characteristics. The
OV6620 image sensor also provides control over the
White Balance ratio for increasing/decreasing the im-
age field Red/Blue component ratio. The sensor pro-
vides a default setting which may be sufficient for many
applications.
1.2.3
Windowing
The windowing feature of the OV6620/OV6120 image
sensors allows user-definable window sizing as re-
quired by the application. Window size setting (in pixels)
ranges from 2 x 2 to 356 x 292, and can be positioned
anywhere inside the 356 x 292 boundary. Note that
modifying window size and/or position does not change
frame or data rate. The OV6620/OV6120 imager alters
the assertion of the HREF signal to be consistent with
the programmed horizontal and vertical region. The de-
fault output window is 352 x 288.
1.2.4
Zoom Video Port (ZV)
The OV6620/OV6120 image sensor includes a Zoom
Video (ZV) function that supports standard ZV Port in-
terface timing. Signals available include VSYNC,
CHSYNC, PCLK and 16-bit data bus: Y[7:0] and
UV[7:0]. The rising edge of PCLK clocks data into the
ZV port. See Figure 2, Zoom Video Port Timing below.
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