Extended Red, High Sensitivity, Multialkali Photocathode
28mm (1-1/8 Inch) Diameter, 9-Stage, Side-On
GENERAL
FEATURES
Parameter
Description/Value Unit
Spectral Response
The R928 and R955 feature extremely high quantum efficiency,
high current amplification, good S/N ratio and wide spectral re-
sponse from UV to near infrared. The R928 employs a UV glass
envelope and the R955 has a fused silica envelope for UV sen-
sitivity extension.
The R928 and R955 are well suited for use in broad-band spec-
trophotometers, atomic absorption spectrophotometers, emis-
sion spectrophotometers and other precision photometric in-
struments.
Wavelength of Maximum Response
185 to 900
nm
nm
Photocathode
MateriaI
400
Structure
R928
160 to 900
nm
R955
Approx. 4
pF
Anode to Last Dynode
Approx. 6
pF
Anode to All Other Electrodes
R928
R955
Minimum Effective Area
Multialkali
Secondary Emitting Surface
Multialkali
mm
Window Material
Weight
8 24
g
Approx. 45
Dynode
Direct Interelectrode Capacitances
Base
SuitabIe Socket Assembly
UV glass
Fused silica
Circular-cage
Number of Stages
9
11-pin base
JEDEC No. B11-88
E71721 (option)
SuitabIe Socket
E67811A (option)
lnformation furnished by HA MAM ATS U is believed to be reliabIe. However, no responsibility is assumed for possibIe inaccuracies or ommissions. Specifications are
subject to change without notice. No patent right are granted to any of the circuits described herein.
1997 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.
Subject to local technical requirements and regulations, availability of products included in this promotional material may var y. Please consult with our sales office.
PHOTOMULTlPLlER TUBES
R928, R955
Wide Spectral Response
R928 ........................................................
R955 ........................................................
High Cathode Sensitivity
Luminous ......................................................
Radiant at 400nm .............................................
High Anode Sensitivity (at 1000V)
Low Drift and Hysteresis
Luminous ........................................................
Radiant at 400nm .....................................
185 to 900 nm
160 to 900 nm
250 A/lm
74mA/W
2500A/lm
7.4 10
5
A/W
Figure 1: Typical Spectral Response
TPMSB0001EB
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
100
200
300 400
500 600
700 800
900 1000
WAVELENGTH (nm)
CATHODE RADIANT SENSITIVITY (mA/W)
QUANTUM EFFICIENCY (%)
R928
QUANTUM EFFICIENCY
R955
CATHODE
RADIANT
SENSITIVITY
MAXIMUM RATINGS (Absolute Maximum Values)
Parameter
Value
Supply Voltage
Between Anode and Cathode
Between Anode and Last Dynode
1250
250
0.1
80 to +50
Vdc
Vdc
mA
Average Anode Current
Unit
Ambient Temperature
CHARACTERISTlCS (at 25 )
NOTES
Parameter
Min.
Max.
R928
Typ.
Cathode Sensitivity
Anode Dark Current
F
After 30 minute Storage in the darkness
3
50
Anode Current Stability
L
A:
B:
C:
D:
E:
Averaged over any interval of 30 seconds maximum.
The light source is a tungsten filament lamp operated at a distribution tem-
perature of 2856K. Supply voltage is 100 volts between the cathode and
all other electrodes connected together as anode.
Red/White ratio is the quotient of the cathode current measured using a
red filter(Toshiba R-68) interposed between the light source and the tube
by the cathode current measured with the filter removed under the same
conditions as Note B.
The value is cathode output current when a blue filter(Corning CS-5-58
polished to 1/2 stock thickness) is interposed between the light source and
the tube under the same condition as Note B.
Measured with the same light source as Note B and with the voltage distri-
bution ratio shown in Table 1 below.
F:
G:
H:
I:
Measured with the same supply voltage and voltage distribution ratio as
Note E after removal of light.
Measured at a supply voltage adjusted to provide an anode sensitivity of
100 A/lm.
ENI is an indication of the photon-limited signal-to-noise ratio. It refers to
the amount of light in watts to produce a signal-to-noise ratio of unity in the
output of a photomultiplier tube.
where q = Electronic charge (1.60 10
-19
coulomb).
ldb = Anode dark current(after 30 minute storage) in amperes.
G = Gain.
f = Bandwidth of the system in hertz. 1 hertz is used.
S = Anode radiant sensitivity in amperes per watt at the wave-
length of peak response.
The rise time is the time for the output pulse to rise from 10% to 90% of the
peak amplitude when the entire photocathode is illuminated by a delta
function light pulse.
ENI =
S
2q.ldb.G. f
Current Hysteresis
Voltage Hysteresis
0.1
1.0
Radiant at 194nm
18
Red/White Ratio
C
0.3
Blue
D
8
254nm
52
400nm
74
633nm
41
852nm
3.5
Anode Pulse Rise Time
I
2.2
Electron Transit Time
J
22
Transit Time Spread (TTS)
K
1.2
Time Response
E
Electrode
K
Dy1 Dy2 Dy3 Dy4 Dy5 Dy6 Dy7 Dy8 Dy9
P
Distribution
Ratio
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
SuppIy Voltage : 1000Vdc
K : Cathode, Dy : Dynode, P : Anode
Quantum Efficiency at Peak Wavelength
140
250
25.4
(at 260nm)
0.2
Anode Sensitivity
Gain
E
ENI(Equivalent Noise Input)
H
Unit
PHOTOMULTlPLlER TUBES R928, R955
Luminous
B
Radiant at 194nm
1.8 10
5
254nm
400nm
633nm
852nm
Luminous
E
2500
400
5.2 10
5
7.4 10
5
4.1 10
5
3.5 10
4
1.0 10
7
1.3 10
-16
Min.
Max.
R955
Typ.
3
50
nA
0.1
1.0
%
%
43
mA/W
0.3
8
A/lm-b
56
mA/W
74
mA/W
41
mA/W
3.5
mA/W
2.2
22
1.2
ns
ns
ns
140
250
A/lm
29.0
(at 220nm)
%
0.2
4.3 10
5
A/W
2500
A/lm
400
5.6 10
5
A/W
7.4 10
5
A/W
4.1 10
5
A/W
3.5 10
4
A/W
1.0 10
7
1.3 10
-16
W
Table 1:Voltage Distribution Ratio
J:
K:
L:
The electron transit time is the interval between the arrival of delta function
light pulse at the entrance window of the tube and the time when the anode
output reaches the peak amplitude. In measurement, the whole photo-
cathode is illuminated.
Also called transit time jitter. This is the fluctuation in electron transit time
between individual pulses in the signal photoelectron mode, and may be
defined as the FWHM of the frequency distribution of electron transit times.
Hysteresis is temporary instability in anode current after light and voltage
are applied.
(1)Current Hysteresis
The tube is operated at 750 volts with an anode current of 1 micro-ampere for
5 minutes. The light is then removed from the tube for a minute. The tube is
then re-illuminated by the previous light level for a minute to measure the
variation.
(2)Voltage Hysteresis
The tube is operated at 300 volts with an anode current of 0.1 micro-ampere
for 5 minutes. The light is then removed from the tube and the supply voltage
is quickly increased to 800 volts. After a minute, the supply voltage is then
reduced to the previous value and the tube is re-illuminated for a minute to
measure the variation.
Hysteresis =
100(%)
lmax.
li
lmin.
Figure 2: Anode Luminous Sensitivity and Gain
Characteristics
Figure 3: Typical Time Response
Figure 4: Typical Temperature Coefficient of Anode
Sensitivity
Figure 5: Typical Temperature Characteristic of Dark
Current (at 1000V, after 30minute storage)
TPMSB0002EA
TPMSB0003EB
TIME
max.
l
min.
l
i
l
ANODE
CURRENT
0
5
6
7 (minutes)
200
300
500
700
1000
10
2
ANODE LUMINOUS SENSITIVITY (A/lm)
1500
GAIN
TYPICAL ANODE SENSITIVITY
TYPICAL GAIN
MINIMUM ANODE SENSITIVITY
10
1
10
0
10
1
10
2
10
3
10
4
10
2
10
3
10
4
10
5
10
6
10
7
10
8
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
TPMSB0004EB
300
500
700
1000
1500
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
TIME (ns)
1
2
4
6
8
10
20
40
60
80
100
RISE TIME
TRANSIT TIME
TPMSB0005EA
40
20
0
+20
TEMPERATURE (
C)
160
80
20
0
ANODE SENSITIVITY (%)
140
100
+40
120
60
40
800nm
600nm
400nm
TPMSB0006EA
40
20
0
+20
TEMPERATURE (
C)
100
1
0.01
ANODE DARK CURRENT (nA)
+40
10
0.1
PHOTOMULTlPLlER TUBES R928, R955
TPMS1001E06
MAY. 1997
Figure 6: Dimensional Outline and Basing Diagram (Unit : mm)
Figure 7: Optional Accessories (Unit : mm)
TPMSA0008EA
1
2
4
3
5
7
6
8
9
10
K
DY1
DY2
DY3
DY4
DY5
DY6
DY7
DY8
DY9
P
DIRECTION OF LIGHT
28.5 1.5
8MIN.
T9
BULB
PHOTOCATHODE
24MIN.
49.0 2.5
80MAX.
94MAX.
32.2 0.5
11 PIN BASE
JEDEC No. B11-88
11
BOTTOM VIEW
(BASING DIAGRAM)
TACCA0064EA
33
5
49
3.5
38
29
4
18
Socket
D Type Socket Assembly E717-21
WarningPersonal Safety Hazards
Electrical ShockOperating voltages applied to this
device present a shock hazard.
Hamamatsu also provides C4900 series compact high voltage power sup-
plies and C6270 series DP type socket assemblies which incorporate a
DC to DC converter type high voltage power supply.
(E678 11A)
POTTING
COMPOUND
TACCA0002ED
R to R10
C1 to C3
: 330k
: 0.01 F
3.5
33.0 0.3
49.0 0.3
29
38.0 0.3
4.8
41.0 0.5
450 10
5
31.0 0.5
HOUSING
(INSULATOR)
R10
R9
R8
R7
R6
R5
R4
R3
R2
R1
DY9
DY8
DY7
DY6
DY5
DY4
DY3
DY2
DY1
C3
C2
C1
SIGNAL GND
SIGNAL OUTPUT RG-174/U
(BLACK)
HV
AWG22 (VIOLET)
P
K
10
POWER SUPPLY GND
AWG22 (BLACK)
SOCKET
PIN No.
PMT
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
11
HAMAMATSU PHOTONICS K.K., Electoron Tube Center
314-5, Shimokanzo, Toyooka-village, Iwata-gun, Shizuoka-ken, 438-0193, Japan, Telephone: (81)539/62-5248, Fax: (81)539/62-2205
U.S.A.: Hamamatsu Corporation: 360 Foothill Road, Bridgewater. N.J. 08807-0910, U.S.A., Telephone: (1)908-231-0960, Fax: (1)908-231-1218
Germany: Hamamatsu Photonics Deutschland GmbH: Arzbergerstr. 10, D-82211 Herrsching am Ammersee, Germany, Telephone: (49)8152-375-0, Fax: (49)8152-2658
France: Hamamatsu Photonics France S.A.R.L.: 8, Rue du Saule Trapu, Parc du Moulin de Massy, 91882 Massy Cedex, France, Telephone: (33)1 69 53 71 00, Fax: (33)1 69 53 71 10
United Kingdom: Hamamatsu Photonics UK Limted: Lough Point, 2 Gladbeck Way, Windmill Hill, Enfield, Middlesex EN2 7JA, United Kingdom, Telephone: (44)181-367-3560, Fax: (44)181-367-6384
North Europe: Hamamatsu Photonics Norden AB: Frgatan 7, S-164-40 Kista Sweden, Telephone: (46)8-703-29-50, Fax: (46)8-750-58-95
Italy: Hamamatsu Photonics Italia: S.R.L.: Via Della Moia, 1/E, 20020 Arese, (Milano), Italy, Telephone: (39)2-935 81 733, Fax: (39)2-935 81 741
Hybrid Assembly of R928
H957-08
The H957-08 integrates on R928, a voltage-divider circuit, and a high
voltage power supply into a compact magnetic shield case. It can be
readily operated by input of 15Vdc.
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