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For price, delivery, and to place orders, please contact Hittite Microwave Corporation:
12 Elizabeth Drive, Chelmsford, MA 01824 Phone: 978-250-3343 Fax: 978-250-3373
Order Online at www.hittite.com
FREQ.
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TIPLIERS - CHIP
4
HMC448
GaAs MMIC x2 ACTIVE FREQUENCY
MULTIPLIER, 19 - 25 GHz OUTPUT
v00.0902
General Description
Features
Functional Diagram
Electrical Specifi cations,
T
A
= +25 C, Vd1 = Vd2 = 5.0V, 0 dBm Drive Level
Typical Applications
The HMC448 is suitable for:
Clock Generation Applications:
SONET OC-192 & SDH STM-64
Pt to Pt & VSAT Radios
Test Instrumentation
Military & Space
The HMC448 die is a x2 active broadband frequency
multiplier chip utilizing GaAs PHEMT technology.
When driven by a 0 dBm signal, the multiplier
provides +11 dBm typical output power from 19 to
25 GHz. The Fo and 3Fo isolations are >22 dBc
up to 22 GHz. This multi-rate frequency multiplier
can be used in the generation of a half rate clock
for 40 Gbps systems or as part of a multiplier chain
to generate a full rate 40 Gbps clock. The HMC448
is also ideal for use in LO multiplier chains for Pt
to Pt & VSAT Radios yielding reduced parts count
vs. traditional approaches. The low additive SSB
Phase Noise of -135 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset helps
maintain good system noise performance. All data
is with the chip in a 50 ohm test fi xture connected
via 0.076mm x 0.0127mm (3mil x 0.5mil) ribbon
bonds of minimal length 0.31mm (<12mils).
Output Power: +11 dBm
Wide Input Power Range: -4 to +6 dBm
Fo, 3Fo Isolation: >20 dBc @ Fout= 20 GHz
100 KHz SSB Phase Noise: -135 dBc/Hz
Single Supply: 5V@ 48 mA
Die Size: 1.16 mm x 1.20 mm x 0.1 mm
Parameter
Min.
Typ. Max.
Min.
Typ. Max.
Units
Frequency Range, Input
9.5 - 11.0
11.0 - 12.5
GHz
Frequency Range, Output
19 - 22
22 - 25
GHz
Output Power
5
9
8
12
dBm
Fo Isolation (with respect to output level)
25
15
dBc
3Fo Isolation (with respect to output level)
25
22
dBc
Input Return Loss
9
6
dB
Output Return Loss
5
5
dB
SSB Phase Noise (100 kHz Offset)
-135
-135
dBc/Hz
Supply Current (Idd)
48
48
mA
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For price, delivery, and to place orders, please contact Hittite Microwave Corporation:
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GaAs MMIC SUB-HARMONICALLY PUMPED MIXER 17 - 25 GHz
HMC448
Output Power vs.
Temperature @ 0 dBm Drive Level
Output Power vs.
Supply Voltage @ 0 dBm Drive Level
Output Power vs. Drive Level
v00.0902
GaAs MMIC x2 ACTIVE FREQUENCY
MULTIPLIER, 19 - 25 GHz OUTPUT
Pin vs. Pout @ 3 Frequencies
Isolation @ 0 dBm Drive Level
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
+25 C
+85 C
-55 C
OUTPUT POWER (dBm)
OUTPUT FREQUENCY (GHz)
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
-6 dBm
-4 dBm
-2 dBm
0 dBm
+2 dBm
+4 dBm
+6 dBm
OUTPUT POWER (dBm)
OUTPUT FREQUENCY (GHz)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
Vdd=4.5V
Vdd=5.0V
Vdd=5.5V
OUTPUT POWER (dBm)
OUTPUT FREQUENCY (GHz)
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Fout=19 GHz
Fout=22 GHz
Fout=25 GHz
OUTPUT POWER (dBm)
INPUT POWER (dBm)
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
Fo
2Fo
3Fo
OUTPUT POWER (dBm)
OUTPUT FREQUENCY (GHz)
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Input Return Loss vs. Temperature
Output Return Loss vs. Temperature
HMC448
v00.0902
GaAs MMIC x2 ACTIVE FREQUENCY
MULTIPLIER, 19 - 25 GHz OUTPUT
SSB Phase Noise Performance,
Fout = 20.4 GHz, Pin = 0 dBm
-15
-12
-9
-6
-3
0
9
10
11
12
13
+25 C
+85 C
-55 C
INPUT RETURN LOSS (dB)
FREQUENCY (GHz)
-20
-18
-16
-14
-12
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
+25 C
+85 C
-55 C
OUTPUT RETURN LOSS (dB)
FREQUENCY (GHz)
-160
-150
-140
-130
-120
-110
-100
-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
2
10
3
10
4
10
5
10
6
10
7
SSB PHASE NOISE (dBc/Hz)
OFFSET FREQUENCY (Hz)
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HMC448
v00.0902
GaAs MMIC x2 ACTIVE FREQUENCY
MULTIPLIER, 19 - 25 GHz OUTPUT
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Outline Drawing
RF Input (Vcc= +5V)
+20 dBm
Supply Voltage (Vd1, Vd2)
+6.0 Vdc
Channel Temperature
175 C
Continuous Pdiss (T= 85 C)
(derate 8.3 mW/C above 85 C)
744 mW
Thermal Resistance
(junction to die bottom)
121 C/W
Storage Temperature
-65 to +150 C
Operating Temperature
-55 to +85 C
NOTES:
1. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN INCHES [MILLIMETERS].
2. DIE THICKNESS IS .004"
3. TYPICAL BOND PAD IS .004" SQUARE.
4. TYPICAL BOND SPACING IS .006" CENTER TO CENTER.
5. BOND PAD METALIZATION: GOLD
6. BACKSIDE METALIZATION: GOLD
7. BACKSIDE METAL IS GROUND.
8. NO CONNECTION REQUIRED FOR UNLABELED BOND PADS.
Typical Supply Current vs. Vdd
Vdd (Vdc)
Idd (mA)
4.5
47
5.0
48
5.5
49
Note: Multiplier will operate over full voltage
range shown above.
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Order Online at www.hittite.com
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TIPLIERS - CHIP
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HMC448
v00.0902
GaAs MMIC x2 ACTIVE FREQUENCY
MULTIPLIER, 19 - 25 GHz OUTPUT
Assembly Diagram
Pad Number
Function
Description
Interface Schematic
1
RF IN
Pin is AC coupled and matched to 50 Ohm
from 9.5 - 12.5 GHz.
2, 3
Vd1, Vd2
Supply voltage 5V 0.5V.
4
RF OUT
Pin is AC coupled and matched to 50 Ohm
from 19 - 25 GHz.
GND
Die bottom must be connected to RF ground.
Pad Description
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Handling Precautions
Follow these precautions to avoid permanent damage.
Cleanliness: Handle the chips in a clean environment. DO NOT attempt to clean the chip using liquid cleaning systems.
Storage: All bare die are placed in either Waffl e or Gel based ESD protective containers, and then sealed in an ESD protective bag
for shipment. Once the sealed ESD protective bag has been opened, all die should be stored in a dry nitrogen environment.
Static Sensitivity: Follow ESD precautions to protect against > 250V ESD strikes.
Transients: Suppress instrument and bias supply transients while bias is applied. Use shielded signal and bias cables to minimize
inductive pick-up.
General Handling: Handle the chip along the edges with a vacuum collet or with a sharp pair of bent tweezers. The surface of the
chip has fragile air bridges and should not be touched with vacuum collet, tweezers, or fi ngers.
Mounting
The chip is back-metallized and can be die mounted with AuSn eutectic preforms or with electrically conductive epoxy. The mounting
surface should be clean and fl at.
Eutectic Die Attach: A 80/20 gold tin preform is recommended with a work surface temperature of 255 deg. C and a tool temperature
of 265 deg. C. When hot 90/10 nitrogen/hydrogen gas is applied, tool tip temperature should be 290 deg. C. DO NOT expose the chip
to a temperature greater than 320 deg. C for more than 20 seconds. No more than 3 seconds of scrubbing should be required for
attachment.
Epoxy Die Attach: Apply a minimum amount of epoxy to the mounting surface so that a thin epoxy fi llet is observed around the
perimeter of the chip once it is placed into position. Cure epoxy per the manufacturer's schedule.
Wire Bonding
Ball or wedge bond with 0.025mm (1 mil) diameter pure gold wire. Thermosonic wirebonding with a nominal stage temperature of
150 deg. C and a ball bonding force of 40 to 50 grams or wedge bonding force of 18 to 22 grams is recommended. Use the minimum
level of ultrasonic energy to achieve reliable wirebonds. Wirebonds should be started on the chip and terminated on the package or
substrate. All bonds should be as short as possible <0.31mm (12 mils).
Mounting & Bonding Techniques for Millimeterwave GaAs MMICs
The die should be attached
directly to the ground plane
eutectically or with conductive
epoxy (see HMC general
Handling, Mounting, Bonding
Note).
50 Ohm Microstrip transmission
lines on 0.127mm (5 mil) thick
alumina thin fi lm substrates are
recommended for bringing RF to
and from the chip (Figure 1). If
0.254mm (10 mil) thick alumina
thin fi
lm substrates must be
used, the die should be raised
0.150mm (6 mils) so that the
surface of the die is coplanar
with the surface of the substrate.
One way to accomplish this is to attach the 0.102mm (4 mil) thick die to a 0.150mm
(6 mil) thick molybdenum heat spreader (moly-tab) which is then attached to the ground plane (Figure 2).
Microstrip substrates should be brought as close to the die as possible in order to minimize ribbon bond length. Typical die-to-substrate
spacing is 0.076mm (3 mils). Gold ribbon of 0.075 mm (3 mil) width and minimal length <0.31 mm (<12 mils) is recommended to
minimize inductance on RF, LO & IF ports.
An RF bypass capacitor should be used on the Vdd input. A 100 pF single layer capacitor (mounted eutectically or by conductive
epoxy) placed no further than 0.762mm (30 Mils) from the chip is recommended.
3 mil Ribbon Bond
3 mil Ribbon Bond
3 mil Ribbon Bond
3 mil Ribbon Bond
HMC448
v00.0902
GaAs MMIC x2 ACTIVE FREQUENCY
MULTIPLIER, 19 - 25 GHz OUTPUT
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