E
PRELIMINARY
October 1996
Order Number: 290578-003
n
High Performance Read
80/120 ns Max Access Time
40 ns Max. Output Enable Time
n
Low Power Consumption
20 mA Typical Read Current
n
x8-Only Input/Output Architecture
Space-Constrained 8-bit
Applications
n
Optimized Array Blocking Architecture
One 16-KB Protected Boot Block
Two 8-KB Parameter Blocks
One 96-KB Main Block
One 128-KB Main Block
Top Boot Location
n
Hardware Data Protection Feature
Erase/Write Lockout during Power
Transitions
Absolute Hardware Protection for
Boot Block
n
Software EEPROM Emulation with
Parameter Blocks
n
Extended Cycling Capability
100,000 Block Erase Cycles
n
Automated Byte Write and Block Erase
n
Industry-Standard Command User
Interface
Status Registers
Erase Suspend Capability
n
SRAM-Compatible Write Interface
n
Reset/Deep Power-Down Input
0.2 A I
CC
Typical
Provides Reset for Boot Operations
n
Industry-Standard Surface Mount
Packaging
40-Lead TSOP
44-Lead PSOP
40-Lead PDIP
n
ETOXTM IV Flash Technology
5V Read
n
12V Write and Block Erase
V
PP
= 12V 5% Standard
V
PP
= 12V 10% Option
n
Independent Software Vendor Support
Intel's 2-Mbit flash memory is an extension of the Boot Block architecture which includes block-selective
erasure, automated write and erase operations, and a standard microprocessor interface. The 2-Mbit flash
memory enhances the Boot Block architecture by adding more density and blocks, x8 input/output control,
very high-speed, low-power, and industry-standard ROM-compatible pinout and surface mount packaging.
The Intel 28F002BC is an 8-bit wide flash memory offering. This high-density flash memory provides user-
selectable bus operation for 8-bit applications. The 28F002BC is a 2,097,152-bit nonvolatile memory
organized as 262,144 bytes of information. It is offered in 44-lead PSOP, 40- lead PDIP and 40-lead TSOP
package, which is ideal for space-constrained portable systems or any application with board space
limitations.
This device uses an integrated Command User Interface (CUI) and Write State Machine (WSM) for simplified
byte write and block erasure. The 28F002BC provides block locations compatible with Intel's MCS-186
family, 80286, 90860CA, and the Intel386TM, Intel486TM, Pentium, and Pentium Pro microprocessors.
The boot block includes a data protection feature to protect the boot code in critical applications. With a
maximum access time of 80 ns, this high-performance 2-Mbit flash memory interfaces at zero wait-state to a
wide range of microprocessors and microcontrollers. A deep power-down mode lowers the total V
CC
power
consumption to 1 W typical. This power savings is critical in hand-held battery powered systems. For very
low-power applications using a 3.3V supply, refer to the Intel 28F002BV-T/B
2-Mbit SmartVoltage Boot Block
Flash Memory datasheet. Manufactured on Intel's 0.6 micron ETOXTM IV process technology, the 28F002BC
flash memory provides world-class quality, reliability, and cost-effectiveness at the 2-Mbit density.
28F002BC 2-MBIT (256K X 8)
BOOT BLOCK FLASH MEMORY
Information in this document is provided in connection with Intel products. No license, express or implied, by estoppel or
otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted by this document. Except as provided in Intel's Terms and Conditions of
Sale for such products, Intel assumes no liability whatsoever, and Intel disclaims any express or implied warranty, relating to
sale and/or use of Intel products including liability or warranties relating to fitness for a particular purpose, merchantability, or
infringement of any patent, copyright or other intellectual property right. Intel products are not intended for use in medical, life
saving, or life sustaining applications.
Intel may make changes to specifications and product descriptions at any time, without notice.
The 28F002BC may contain design defects or errors known as errata. Current characterized errata are available on request.
*Third-party brands and names are the property of their respective owners.
Contact your local Intel sales office or your distributor to obtain the latest specifications and before placing your product order.
Copies of documents which have an ordering number and are referenced in this document, or other Intel literature, may be
obtained from:
Intel Corporation
P.O. Box 7641
Mt. Prospect, IL 60056-7641
or call 1-800-879-4683
COPYRIGHT INTEL CORPORATION, 1996
CG-041493
E
28F002BC 2-MBIT BOOT BLOCK FLASH MEMORY
3
PRELIMINARY
CONTENTS
PAGE
PAGE
1.0 INTRODUCTION .............................................5
1.1 Designing for Density Upgradeability............5
1.2 Main Features ..............................................5
1.3 Applications..................................................6
1.4 Pinouts.........................................................7
1.5 Pin Descriptions .........................................10
2.0 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION............................11
2.1 Memory Organization .................................12
2.1.1 Blocking...............................................12
2.1.2 28F002BC-T Block Memory Map.........12
3.0 PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION .....................12
3.1 Bus Operations ..........................................13
3.2 Read Operations ........................................13
3.2.1 Read Array ..........................................13
3.2.2 Intelligent Identifiers ............................14
3.3 Write Operations ........................................14
3.3.1 Command User Interface (CUI) ...........14
3.3.2 Status Register....................................17
3.3.3 Program Mode.....................................17
3.3.4 Erase Mode .........................................18
3.3.5 Extended Cycling ................................19
3.4 Boot Block Locking.....................................19
3.4.1 V
PP
= V
IL
for Complete Protection........19
3.4.2 RP# = V
HH
for Boot Block Unlocking....19
3.5 Power Consumption ...................................23
3.5.1 Active Power .......................................23
3.5.2 Standby Power ....................................23
3.5.3 Deep Power-Down...............................23
3.6 Power-Up/Down Operation.........................23
3.6.1 RP# Connected to System Reset ........23
3.6.2 V
CC
, V
PP
and RP# Transitions .............23
3.7 Power Supply Decoupling ..........................24
3.7.1 V
PP
Trace on Printed Circuit Boards ....24
4.0 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS..................25
4.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings ........................25
4.2 Operating Conditions..................................25
4.2.1 Capacitance.........................................26
4.2.2 Input/Output Test Conditions ...............26
4.2.3 DC Characteristics...............................27
4.2.4 AC Characteristics ...............................29
APPENDIX A: Ordering Information .................35
APPENDIX B:WSM Transition Table .................36
APPENDIX C: Additional Information ...............37
28F002BC 2-MBIT BOOT BLOCK FLASH MEMORY
E
4
PRELIMINARY
REVISION HISTORY
Number
Item
-001
Original version
-002
Pin 2 of 44-Lead PSOP changed from DU to NC
Alternate program command (10H) removed
WSM transition table added
-003
40-Lead PDIP package added
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28F002BC 2-MBIT BOOT BLOCK FLASH MEMORY
5
PRELIMINARY
1.0
INTRODUCTION
This datasheet comprises the specifications for
the 28F002BC 2-Mbit flash memory. Section 1
provides an overview of the 2-Mbit flash memory,
including applications, pinouts, and pin
descriptions. Section 2 describes the memory
organization in detail. Section 3 defines a
description of the memory's principles of
operation. Finally, Section 4 details the memory's
operating specifications.
1.1
Designing for Density
Upgradeability
The 28F002BC has been optimized to meet
market requirements. Applications currently using
the 28F001BX and 28F002BX can migrate to this
product. Of course, both the 28F001BX and the
28F002BX devices use an 8-bit wide bus. Those
applications needing a 16-bit wide bus or lower
voltage can convert to the Smart 5 or
SmartVoltage family of flash memory products.
SmartVoltage is also the natural migration path to
the 4-Mbit density. Both the 28F002BC and the
4-Mbit SmartVoltage are offered in identical
packages to make upgrade seamless. A few
simple considerations can smooth the migration
path significantly:
1.
Connect the NC pin of the 28F002BC to GND
(this will retain boot block locking when a
4-Mbit SmartVoltage is inserted).
2.
Design a switchable V
PP
to take advantage of
the 5V V
PP
option on SmartVoltage devices.
3. If anticipating to use the 5V V
PP
option,
switch V
PP
to GND for complete write
protection.
Previous designs with Intel's 28F002BX devices
on occasion had to use a NOR gate (or some
other scheme) to prevent issues with floating
addresses latching incorrect data. The 28F002BC
has corrected this issue and does not need the
NOR gate. When migrating a design using the
28F002BX to the 28F002BC, the NOR gate can be
removed. When considering upgrading, packaging
is of paramount importance. Current and future
market trends indicate TSOP and PSOP as the
packages that will enable designs into the next
century.
1.2
Main Features
The 28F002BC Boot Block flash memory is a high-
performance, 2-Mbit (2,097,152 bit) flash memory
organized as 256 Kbytes (262,144 bytes) of 8 bits
each.
The 28F002BC has separately erasable blocks,
including a hardware-lockable boot block (16,384
bytes), two parameter blocks (8,192 bytes each)
and two main blocks (one block of 98,304 bytes
and one block of 131,072 bytes). An erase
operation typically erases one of the main blocks
in 2.4 seconds and the boot or parameter blocks in
1.0 second. Each block can be independently
erased and programmed 100,000 times.
The boot block is located at the top of the address
map to match the protocol of many systems,
including Intel's MCS-186 family, 80960CA, i860TM
microprocessors as well as Pentium and Pentium
Pro microprocessors. The hardware-lockable boot
block provides the most secure code storage. The
boot block is intended to store the kernel code
required for booting-up a system. When the RP#
pin is between 11.4V and 12.6V, the boot block is
unlocked and program and erase operations can
be performed. When the RP# pin is at or below
6.5V, the boot block is locked and program and
erase operations to the boot block are ignored.
The Command User Interface (CUI) serves as the
interface between the microprocessor or
microcontroller and the internal operation of the
28F002BC.
Program and Erase Automation allows program
and erase operations to be executed using an
industry standard two-write command sequence to
the CUI. Data writes are performed in byte
increments. Each byte in the flash memory can be
programmed independently of other memory
locations but is erased simultaneously with all
other locations within the block.
The status register (SR) indicates the status of the
internal Write State Machine (WSM), which reports
critical information on program and/or erase
sequences.
The maximum access time of 80 ns (t
ACC
) is
guaranteed over the commercial temperature
range (0C to +70C), 10% V
CC
supply voltage
range (4.5V to 5.5V) and 100 pF output load.
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