LND324
DATA SHEET
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
Internally frequency compensated for
unity Gain
Large DC voltage gain: 100dB
Wide Power Supply Range : 3V to
30V
Input Common-Mode Voltage Range
Includes Ground
Large Output Voltage Swing 0V to
V
CC
-1.5V
FEATURES
The LND324 consists of four independent,
High Gain, Internally Frequency compensated
operational amplifiers that are designed
specifically to operate from a single power
supply over a wide range of voltages.
Operation from split power supplies is also
possible as long as the different between them
is 3 volts to 32 volts.
Applications include transducer amplifiers, DC
Amplification Blocks and all the conventional
operational-amplifier circuits, that now can be
more easily implemented in single-supply-
voltage systems.
Quadruple Operational Amplifiers
Linear Dimensions, Inc. 445 East Ohio Street, Chicago IL 60611 USA tel 312.321.1810 fax 312.321.1830
www.lineardimensions.com
ADVANTAGES
Eliminates need for dual
supplies
Four internally compensated op
amps in a single package
Allows directly sensing near
GND and V
OUT
also goes to
GND
Compatible with all forms of
logic
Power drain suitable for battery
operation
- +
-
+
-
+
+ -
1
1
2
3
4
4
2
3
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
OUT 1
OUT 2
IN 1 -
IN 1 +
IN 2 -
IN 2 +
OUT 4
IN 4 -
IN 4 +
IN 3 +
IN 3 -
OUT 3
GND
Vcc
INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS at specified free-air temperature, V
CC
=5V(unless otherwise noted)
LM324
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS*
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
25
C
3
7
V
IO
Input offset
voltage
V
CC
=5V to Max, V
ICR
min,
V
O
=1.4V
Full Range
9
mV
VIO
average
temperature
coefficient of input
offset voltage
Full Range
7
V/C
25
C
2
50
I
IO
Input offset
current
V
O
=1.4
Full Range
150
nA
IIO
Average
temperature
coefficient of input
offset current
Full Range
10
pA/
C
25
C
-20
-250
I
IB
Input bias current
V
O
=1.4
Full Range
-500
nA
25
C
0
V
CC
-1.5
V
ICR
Common-mode
input voltage
range
V
CC
=5V to MAX
Full Range
0
V
CC
-2
V
R
L
2k
25
C
V
CC
-1.5
V
CC
=MAX, R
L
=2k
Full Range
26
V
OH
High level output
voltage
V
CC
=MAX, R
L
10k
Full Range
27
28
V
V
OL
Low- level output
voltage
R
L
10k
Full Range
5
20
mV
25
C
25
100
A
VD
Large signal
differential voltage
Amplification
V
CC
=15V,
V
O
=1v to 11V
R
L
2k
Full Range
15
V/ mV
CMRR
Common-mode
rejection ratio
V
CC
=5V to MAX,
V
IC
=V
ICR
min
25
C
65
80
dB
k
svr
Supply voltage
rejection
ratio(
V
CC
V
IO
)
V
CC
=5V to MAX
25
C
65
100
dB
V
O
1/V
O
2 Crosstalk
attention
f=1kHz to 20kHz
25
C
120
dB
25
C
-20
-30
V
CC
=15V,
V
ID
=1V, V
O
=0
Full range
-10
25
C
10
20
V
CC
=15V,
V
ID
=-1V, V
O
=15V
Full range
5
mA
I
O
Output Current
V
ID
=-1V,V
O
=200mV
25
C
12
30
A
I
OS
Short circuit
output current
V
CC
at 5V,
GND at 5V, V
O
=0
25
C
40
60
mA
V
O
=2.5V, No Load
Full Range
0.7
1.2
I
CC
Supply current
V
CC
=MAX, V
O
=0.5V
CC
,
No load
Full range
1.1
3
mA
LND324
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Linear Dimensions, Inc. 445 East Ohio Street, Chicago IL 60611 USA tel 312.321.1810 fax 312.321.1830
www.lineardimensions.com
*All characteristics are measured under open loop conditions with zero common-mode input voltage unless otherwise
specified. "MAX" V
CC
for testing purposes is 30V. Full range is 0
C to 70C.
The LM324 Op amps which operate with only a single supply voltage, have true-differential
inputs, and remain in the linear mode with an input common-mode voltage of 0 V
DC.
These
amplifiers operate over a wide range of power supply voltages with little change in
performance characteristics.
Precautions should be taken to insure that the power supply for the intergrated circuit never
becomes reversed in polarity or that the unit is not inadvertently installed backwards in a test
socket as an unlimited current surge through the resulting forward diode within the IC could
cause fusing of the internal conductors and result in a destroyed unit.
Large differential input voltages can be easily accommodated and as input differential
voltage protection diodes are not needed, no large input currents result from large differential
input voltages. The differential input voltages from going negative more than 0.3V
DC
(25
C).
An input clamp diode with a resistor to the IC input terminal could be used.
The circuits presented in the section on typical applications emphasize operation on only a
single power supply voltage. If complementary power supplies are available, all of the
standard op-amp circuits can be used. In general, introducing a pseudo-ground( a bias
voltage reference of V+/2) will allow operation above and below this value in single power
supply systems. Many applications circuits are shown which take advantage of the wide
input common-mode voltage range, which includes ground. In most cases, input biasing is
not required and input voltages which range to ground can easily be accommodated.
APPLICATION HINTS
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
LND324
Linear Dimensions, Inc. 445 East Ohio Street, Chicago IL 60611 USA tel 312.321.1810 fax 312.321.1830
www.lineardimensions.com
Non Inverting DC Gain ( 0 V Output )
LND324
V
O
+
-
IN
+V
VOLTAGE FOLLOWER
V
O
+V
+V
IN
REF
+
-
COMPARATOR WITH HYSTERESIS
LND324
10K
10M
+5 V
LND324
+V
O
+
-
+V
IN
*
1M
10K
*R not needed due to temperature independent I
IN
V
(Volts)
V
IN
(mV)
GAIN =1+(R2/R1)
=101 (as shown)
O
o
R1
R2
LND324
I
LND324
+
-
POWER AMPLIFIER
910k
+V
IN
100k
91k
V+
O
V
L
Vo =0 VDC f o Vin =0 VDC
Av =10
LND324
+
-
100
0.1
L
V
*
O
V
L
1K
L
CURRENT MONITOR
Vo = 1V(I )/1A
L
*Increase R1 f or small I
L
V <= (V+) -(2V)
L
R1
R2
R
R2
R1
R
R3
LND324
V
O
+
-
V+
SQUAREWAVE OSCILLATOR
0
V+
R1
R2
R3
R4
+
LND324
-
R
V
(Cell has 0V
Across it)
I
CELL
PHOTO VOLTAIC-CELL AMPLIFIER
f
O
100K
100K
100K
100K
0.001 F
1M
-
+
LND324
R1
V
+
-
LND324
R2
1
+V
R3
2
+V
R4
HIGH INPUT Z, DC DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER
O
100K
100K
100K
100K
Linear Dimensions, Inc. 445 East Ohio Street, Chicago IL 60611 USA tel 312.321.1810 fax 312.321.1830
www.lineardimensions.com
LND324
LND324
-
+
VOLTAGE CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR
R
R/2
OUTPUT 1
-
+
LND324
V+/2
OUTPUT 2
+V
*
C
* Wide Control Voltage Range :0 VDC <= Vc <= 2 ( V -1.5 VDC)
+
51K
51K
0.05 F
100K
50K
51K
100K
10K
Linear Dimensions, Inc. 445 East Ohio Street, Chicago IL 60611 USA tel 312.321.1810 fax 312.321.1830
www.lineardimensions.com
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