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MOS INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
PD168110
MICROSTEP DRIVER FOR DRIVING CAMERA LENS
Document No. S15840EJ2V0DS00 (2nd edition)
Date Published June 2005 NS CP(K)
Printed in Japan
DATA SHEET
2003
The mark
shows major revised points.
DESCRIPTION
The
PD168110 is a monolithic 2-channel H bridge driver that consists of a CMOS controller and a MOS output
stage. It can reduce the current consumption and the voltage loss at the output stage compared with a conventional
driver using bipolar transistors, thanks to employment of a MOS process. This product employs a P-channel
MOSFET on the high side of the output stage, eliminating a charge pump. As a result, the circuit current consumption
can be substantially reduced during operation.
This product is ideal for driving the motor of a digital still camera as it can switch over between two-phase excitation
driving and microstep driving, using a stepper motor.
FEATURES
O Two H bridge circuits employing power MOSFET
O Current feedback 64-step microstep driving and two-phase excitation driving selectable
O
Low on-resistance: 2
MAX.
O
3 V power supply
Minimum operating power supply voltage V
DD
= 2.7 V
O
Under voltage lockout circuit
Shuts down internal circuitry at V
DD
= 1.7 V TYP.
O
24-pin TSSOP
ORDERING INFORMATION
Part Number
Package
PD168110MA-6A5
24-pin plastic TSSOP (5.72 mm (225))
Data Sheet S15840EJ2V0DS
2
PD168110
PIN FUNCTIONS
Package: 24-pin TSSOP
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
RESETB
CW
V
DD
FIL2
FIL1
FB1
OUT1B
V
M1
OUT1A
PGND1
MOBSEL
STOP
MODE
CLK
LGND
C
OSC
MOB
PGND2
OUT2B
V
M2
OUT2A
FB2
PS
OE
Pin No.
Pin Name
Pin Function
1
MODE
Microstep/2-phase excitation switch pin
2
CLK
Pulse input pin
3
LGND
Control block GND pin
4 C
OSC
Pin connecting capacitor for output oscillator
5
MOB
Phase detection output pin
6
PGND2
Output block GND pin
7
OUT2B
Channel 2 output B
8 V
M2
Motor power pin
9
OUT2A
Channel 2 output A
10
FB2
Channel 2 current detection resistor connecting pin
11
PS
Power save mode pin
12
OE
Output enable pin
13
STOP
Stop mode pin
14
MOBSEL
MOB output select pin
15
PGND1
Output block GND pin
16
OUT1A
Channel 1 output A
17 V
M1
Motor power pin
18
OUT1B
Channel 1 output B
19
FB1
Channel 1 current detection resistor connecting pin
20
FIL1
Channel 1 filter capacitor connecting pin
21
FIL2
Channel 2 filter capacitor connecting pin
22 V
DD
Control block power pin
23
CW
Revolution direction setting pin
24
RESETB
Reset input pin
Data Sheet S15840EJ2V0DS
3
PD168110
BLOCK DIAGRAM
V
M
H BRIDGE
ch1
H BRIDGE
ch2
V
M
MOB
FB2
EVR1
MODE MOBSEL RESET CLK
V
DD
V
M1
V
M2
C
OSC
LGND
FB1
DECODER
CW
PS
STOP
EVR2
CURRENT SET
Internal Block
PULSE
GENERATER
Current
Sense1
Current
Sense2
PGND
OUT1A OUT1B
FIL1
OE
FIL2
OUT2A OUT2B
PGND
OSC
FILTER
FILTER
+
+
+
+
Truth Table
RESET CLK CW OE
PS STOP
MODE MOBSEL
Operation
Mode
H
L H L L H L
Microstep CW mode
MOB: 1 pulse/cycle
H
H H L L H L
Microstep CCW mode
MOB: 1 pulse/cycle
H
L H L L H H
Microstep CW mode
MOB: 4 pulses/cycle
H
H H L L H H
Microstep CCW mode
MOB: 4 pulses/cycle
H
L H L L L X
2-phase
CW
mode
H
H
H
L
L
L
X
2-phase CCW mode
H X
X L X X X X
Output
Hi-Z
H X X H L H H X
STOP mode after MOB = L
(CLK must be input until MOB = L)
H X X H H H H X
PS mode after MOB = L
(CLK must be input until MOB = L)
H X X H H L H X
Setting
prohibited
L X X X X X X X
Reset
mode
H: High level, L: Low level, X: High level or low level
Data Sheet S15840EJ2V0DS
4
PD168110
Command Input Timing Chart
In microstep mode
1
RESET
CLK
CW
OE
PS
STOP
Chopping pulse
PULSE
OUT
(internal)
MOB
Reset status
CW mode
Output when MOBSEL = H
Power save mode
STOP mode
stopped
CCW mode
Reset status
Output Hi-Z
2
3
4
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
5 6 7 8 9 10 1112 13
13
14
14
15
15
16 17 18 17 16
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 2627 28 29 30
Data Sheet S15840EJ2V0DS
5
PD168110
Standard Connection Diagram
Microstep/2-phase excitation driving
V
M
+
+
+
+
H BRIDGE
ch1
H BRIDGE
ch2
V
M
MOB
V
DD
10 k
2 k
1000 pF
1000 pF
2 k
FB2
EVR1
MODE MOBSEL RESET
CLK
V
DD
V
M1
3.3 V
5.0 V
330 pF
V
M2
C
OSC
LGND
FB1
DECODER
CPU
CW
PS
STOP
EVR2
CURRENT SET
PULSE
GENERATER
Current
Sense1
Current
Sense2
PGND
OUT1A OUT1B
FIL1
OE
FIL2
OUT2A OUT2B
PGND
OSC
1000 pF
from CPU
1000 pF
M
Internal Block
FILTER
FILTER
Only 2-phase excitation driving
V
M
H BRIDGE
ch1
H BRIDGE
ch2
V
M
MOB
+
+
+
+
V
DD
V
DD
10 k
FB2
EVR1
MODE MOBSEL RESET
CLK
V
DD
V
M1
3.3 V
5.0 V
V
M2
C
OSC
LGND
FB1
DECODER
CPU
CW
PS
STOP
EVR2
CURRENT SET
PULSE
GENERATER
Current
Sense1
Current
Sense2
PGND
V
DD
OUT1A OUT1B
FIL1
OE
From CPU
FIL2
OUT2A OUT2B
PGND
OSC
M
Internal Block
FILTER
FILTER
Data Sheet S15840EJ2V0DS
6
PD168110
Output Timing Chart
Microstep output mode
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
99.5
99.5
95.7
95.7
100
98.1
92.4
92.4
98.1
100
88.2
88.2
83.1
83.1
77.3
77.3
70.7
70.7
63.4
63.4
55.6
55.6
47.1
47.1
38.3
38.3
29.0
29.0
19.5
19.5
9.8
9.8
0
--99.5
99.5
--95.7
95.7
100
98.1
92.4
--92.4
--98.1
--100
--88.2
88.2
--83.1
83.1
--77.3
77.3
--70.7
70.7
--63.4
63.4
--55.6
55.6
--47.1
47.1
--38.3
38.3
--29.0
29.0
--19.5
19.5
--9.8
9.8
0
0
5
10
position
Ch 1 current
Ch 2 current
MOB output (when MOBSEL = "L")
MOB output (when MOBSEL = "H")
CLK input
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
The horizontal axis indicates the number of steps. This figure shows an example in the CW mode. The pulse
advances in synchronization with the rising edge of CLK. The current flows into ch 1 and ch 2 in the positive direction
when it flows from OUT1A to OUT1B, and in the negative direction when it flows from OUT1B to OUT1A (the values
shown above are ideal values and do not indicate the actual values).
Data Sheet S15840EJ2V0DS
7
PD168110
Output Timing Chart
2-phase excitation output mode
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
100
100
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
100
100
Ch 1 current
Ch 2 current
MOB output
CLK input
The horizontal axis indicates the number of steps. This figure shows an example in the CW mode. The current
flows into ch 1 and ch 2 in the positive direction when it flows from OUT1A to OUT1B, and in the negative direction
when it flows from OUT1B to OUT1A.
Data Sheet S15840EJ2V0DS
8
PD168110
Relationship Between Revolution Angle, Phase Current, and Vector Amount (64 microsteps)
Phase A Phase Current
Phase B Phase Current
Vector Amount
Step
Revolution
Angle
Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max.
Typ.
0 0
-
0 3.8
-
100
-
100
1 5.625 2.5 9.8 17.0 94.5 100
104.5 100.48
2 11.250
12.4
19.5
26.5
93.2
98.1
103.0 100
3 16.875
22.1
29.0
36.1
90.7
95.7
100.7 100.02
4 22.500
31.3
38.3
45.3
87.4
92.4
97.4 100.02
5 28.125
40.1
47.1
54.1
83.2
88.2
93.2 99.99
6 33.750
48.6
55.6
62.6
78.1
83.1
88.1 99.98
7 39.375
58.4
63.4
68.4
72.3
77.3
82.3 99.97
8 45
65.7
70.7
75.7
65.7
70.7
75.7
99.98
9 50.625
72.3
77.3
82.3
58.4
63.4
68.4 99.97
10 56.250
78.1
83.1
88.1
48.6
55.6
62.6 99.98
11 61.875
83.2
88.2
93.4
40.1
47.1
54.1 99.99
12 67.500
87.4
92.4
97.4
31.3
38.3
45.3 100.02
13 73.125 90.7 95.7 100.7 22.1 29.0 36.1 100.02
14 78.750 93.2 98.1 103.0 12.4 19.5 26.5
100
15 84.375
94.5
100
104.5
2.5 9.8 17.0 100.48
16 90
-
100
-
-
0 3.8 100
The above values are ideal values and are not guaranteed values.
Data Sheet S15840EJ2V0DS
9
PD168110
FUNCTION DESCRIPTION
2-phase excitation driving mode
By allowing a current of
100% to flow into output ch1 and ch2 at the same time, a motor can be driven with the
larger torque.
The two-phase excitation driving mode and microstep driving mode are switched by the MODE pin. In the two-
phase excitation driving mode, the chopping pulse circuit does not operate.
Microstep driving of stepper motor
To position a stepper motor with high accuracy, the
PD168110 has a function to hold constant the current flowing
through the H bridge by a vector value and to stop one cycle in 64 steps. To realize the microstep driving mode, the
driver internally realizes the following functions.
Detecting the current flowing into each channel as a voltage value by a sense resistor
Synthesizing the dummy sine wave of the half-wave generated by the internal D/A and PWM oscillation wave for
chopping operation
The driver stage performs PWM driving based on the result of comparing the detected voltage value and
synthesized waves.
The internal dummy sine wave is of 64 steps per cycle, so that the stepper motor can be driven in 64 steps. The
microstep driving mode and two-phase excitation driving mode are switched by an external pin.
A
M
+
Concept of microstep driving operation
MOB output
The MOB output pin outputs "L" if the current of ch1 or ch2 reaches
100% in the microstep output mode, or if the
current of ch 1 reaches +100%. In the two-phase excitation output mode, the MOB pin outputs "L" when the current of
ch1 and ch2 reaches +100%. The excitation position of the stepper motor can be checked by monitoring the MOB
output. The MOB output also indicates the stop position information in the stop mode to be explained below.
The MOB output goes into a Hi-Z state (output H level if pulled up) when OE = "L".
Stop mode
If the stop mode is set by the STOP pin, the pulse is automatically output until MOB = "L" when CLK is input. If
MOB = "L" in the stop mode, the pulse is not output even when CLK is input, and the output holds the excitation
status.
To advance the pulse, release the stop mode and restore the normal mode.
Data Sheet S15840EJ2V0DS
10
PD168110
Reset function
When RESET = "L", initialization is executed and the output goes into a Hi-Z state. When RESET = "H", excitation
is started with the current of ch1 at +100% and the current of ch2 at 0% (one-phase excitation position). To perform
two-phase excitation driving, excitation is started with the currents of ch1 and ch2 at +100% after the mode has been
set. Be sure to execute a reset operation after power application. MOB outputs "L" until the pulse is output when
RESET goes "L".
Output enable (OE) pin
The pulse output can be forcibly stopped from an external source by using the OE pin. When OE = "L", the output
is forcibly made to go into a Hi-Z state.
Standby function
The
PD168110 can enter the standby mode when the pulse is not output and when PS = "H" and
STOP = "H". In the standby mode, as many internal circuits as possible are stopped so that the self current
consumption can be reduced. In the standby mode, the current consumption is 1
A MAX. when external CLK input is
stopped. While CLK is being input, the current consumption is reduced to 300
A MAX. by the current flowing into the
input buffer. The standby mode is released when PS = "L" and STOP = "L".
Under voltage lockout circuit (UVLO)
This function is used to forcibly stop the operation of the IC to prevent malfunction of the circuits if V
DD
of the IC
drops during operation. Note that if the V
DD
voltage abruptly drops in the order of
s, this function may not operate.
V
M
pin current shutdown circuit
A circuit that prevents a current from flowing into the VM pin when V
DD
= 0 V is provided. Therefore, the current
flowing into the VM pin is cut off when V
DD
= 0 V.
A current of up to 3
A flows into the V
M
pin when V
DD
is applied so that the voltages on the V
DD
and V
M
pins can
be monitored.
Data Sheet S15840EJ2V0DS
11
PD168110
OPERATION DESCRIPTION
Setting output current
The peak value of the output current (when current of ch 1 or ch 2 is 100%) is determined by the resistor R
FB
that
is connected to FB1 and FB2. This IC has an internal reference power supply V
REF
(500 mV TYP.) for comparing
current, and drives the stepper motor with the current value calculated by R
FB
and V
REF
as the peak output
current value.
Peak output current value I
MAX
(A)
V
REF
(V)
R
FB
(
) x Output detection ratio
Pulse output
The motor is driven by inputting a pulse to the CLK pin. The motor advances by one pulse at the rising edge of
the CLK signal. When MODE = "H", the motor is driven in the 64-microstep driving mode, and the driving current
of each step is determined based on the internal motor excitation position information and revolution direction.
When MODE = "L", the two-phase excitation mode is selected, and the current direction (100% drive) of ch 1 and
ch 2 are switched each time a pulse has been input.
Setting motor revolution direction
The revolution direction of the motor is set by CW. In the CW mode (CW = "L"), the current of ch2 is output, 90
degrees in phase behind the current of ch1. In the CCW mode (CW = "H"), the current of ch2 is output, 90
degrees in phase ahead of the current of ch1.
CW Pin
Operation Mode
L
CW mode (forward revolution)
H
CCW mode (reverse revolution)
Setting stop mode (valid only in microstep driving mode)
When STOP = "H", the motor advances to the position of MOB output = "L", and the output status is held.
The excitation status is not changed even when a pulse is input to CLK while MOB = "L" when STOP = "H". The
pulse can be advanced when STOP = "L".
STOP Operation
Mode
L Normal
mode
H Stop
mode
Caution If STOP = "L" before the stop mode is set (until MOB = "L"), the operation is performed in the
same manner as in the normal mode.
Data Sheet S15840EJ2V0DS
12
PD168110
Power save mode (valid only in microstep driving mode)
When PS = "H" and STOP = "H", the motor advances to the position of MOB output = "L" and then the output
goes to a Hi-Z state.
The internal circuitry is stopped as much as possible and the standby mode is set. The power save mode is
released when PS = "L" and STOP = "L".
STOP Operation
Mode
L Normal
mode
H
Power save mode (only when STOP = "H")
Caution Inputting PS = "H" and STOP = "L" is prohibited.
Setting output enable
When OE = "H", the motor is driven (output excitation status). Be sure to set OE to "H" to drive the motor.
STOP Operation
Mode
L Output
Hi-Z
H Enable
mode
Selecting two-phase excitation/microstep driving mode
The MODE pin can be used to select the two-phase excitation or microstep driving mode. When MODE = "H",
the microstep driving mode is selected. When MODE = "L", the two-phase excitation mode (both ch 1 and ch 2
are driven at +100% or 100%) is selected.
The
PD168110 is initialized immediately after a RESET operation,
so excitation is started from the position at which the output current of ch 1 is 100% and the output current of ch
2 is 0% in the microstep driving mode, and from the position at which the output currents of both ch 1 and ch 2
are +100% in the two-phase excitation driving mode.
If the mode is changed from the microstep to the two-phase, the position of the microstep mode is retained until
CLK is input. When the first CLK is input, pulse output is started, the operation skips to the two-phase position of
the next quadrant, and driving is started.
MODE Operation
Mode
L 2-phase
excitation
H Microstep
driving
Concept of switching operation mode
from microstep to 2-phase excitation
Microstep stop position
(example 1)
Microstep stop
position
(example 2)
2-phase
excitation stop
position
Skips to next quadrant
(3)
(2)
(1)
Data Sheet S15840EJ2V0DS
13
PD168110
Selecting MOB output (in microstep driving mode only)
The output function of MOB can be selected by MOBSEL. When MOBSEL = "L", MOB is output at the position
where the current of ch1 is +100% and the current of ch2 is 0%. When MOBSEL = "H", MOB is output at the
position where the current of ch1 or ch2 is
100%.
MOBSEL MOB
Output
L
Current of ch1 is +100% and current of ch2 is 0% (1 pulse/cycle).
H
Current of ch1 or ch2 is
100% (4 pulses/cycle).
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
--99.5
99.5
--95.7
95.7
100
98.1
92.4
--92.4
--98.1
--100
--88.2
88.2
--83.1
83.1
--77.3
77.3
--70.7
70.7
--63.4
63.4
--55.6
55.6
--47.1
47.1
--38.3
38.3
--29.0
29.0
--19.5
19.5
--9.8
9.8
0
--99.5
99.5
--95.7
95.7
100
98.1
92.4
--92.4
--98.1
--100
--88.2
88.2
--83.1
83.1
--77.3
77.3
--70.7
70.7
--63.4
63.4
--55.6
55.6
--47.1
47.1
--38.3
38.3
--29.0
29.0
--19.5
19.5
--9.8
9.8
0
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
RESET position
Ch 1 current
Ch 2 current
MOB output MOBSEL = "L"
MOB output MOBSEL = "H"
Data Sheet S15840EJ2V0DS
14
PD168110
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
(T
A
= 25
C: GLASS EPOXY BOARD OF 100 mm 100 mm 1 mm WITH C OPPER FOIL OF 15%)
Parameter Symbol
Conditions
Rating
Unit
V
DD
Control
block
-0.5 to +6.0
Power supply voltage
V
M
Motor
block
-0.5 to +6.0
V
Input voltage
V
IN
-0.5 to V
DD
+0.5
V
Output pin voltage
V
OUT
6.2
V
DC output current
I
D(DC)
DC
0.4
A/ch
Instantaneous output current
I
D(pulse)
PW < 10 ms, Duty 20%
0.7
A/ch
Power consumption
P
T
0.7
W
Peak junction temperature
T
CH(MAX)
150
C
Storage temperature
T
stg
-55 to +150
C
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
(T
A
= 25
C: GLASS EPOXY BOARD OF 100 mm 100 mm 1 mm WITH COPPER FOIL OF 15%)
Parameter Symbol
Conditions
MIN.
TYP.
MAX.
Unit
V
DD
Control
block
2.7 3.6 V
Power supply voltage
V
M
Motor
block
2.7 5.5 V
Input voltage
V
IN
0
V
DD
V
DC output current
I
D(DC)
DC
-0.35 +0.35
A/ch
Instantaneous output current
I
D(pulse)
PW < 10 ms, Duty
20%
-0.6 +0.6
A/ch
MOB pin output sink current
I
MOB
Open-drain
output
5
mA
Operating temperature range
T
A
-10 75 C
Data Sheet S15840EJ2V0DS
15
PD168110
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED, V
DD
= V
M
= 3 V, T
A
= 25
C)
Parameter Symbol
Conditions
MIN.
TYP.
MAX.
Unit
V
DD
pin current after reset
I
DD(STB)
External CLK stopped
1.0
A
I
DD(STB2)
External CLK stopped
30
A
V
DD
pin current in standby mode
I
DD(STB3)
External CLK is input
300
A
V
DD
pin current during operation
I
DD(ACT)
3.0 mA
VM pin current
I
M(OFF)
V
M
= 5.5 V per V
M
pin, after reset
and in standby mode
3.0
A
High-level input current
I
IH
V
IN
= V
DD
1.0
A
Low-level input current
I
IL
V
IN
= 0 V
-1.0
A
High-level input voltage
V
IH
2.7
V
V
DD
3.6 V
0.7 x V
DD
V
Low-level input voltage
V
IL
2.7
V
V
DD
3.6 V
0.3 x V
DD
V
Input hysteresis voltage
V
hys
0.3 V
H bridge on-resistance
R
ON
I
M
= 0.35 A, sum of upper and
lower stages,
FB1 = FB2 = 0 V
2.0
Output turn-on time
t
ON
0.02
0.5
s
Output turn-off time
t
OFF
R
M
= 20
OE pin
output SW time
0.02 0.5
s
Internal reference voltage
V
REF
450 500 550 mV
Output detection ratio
I
M
= 0.1 A, with 5 k
sense
resistor connected
950 1050 1150
Cautions 1. The undervoltage lockout detection circuit (UVLO) operates at 1.7 V TYP. whereupon the
output goes into a Hi-Z state. Internal data such as the excitation position information is
reset. The UVLO circuit does not operate after reset.
2. A shutdown circuit that prevents a current from flowing into the V
M
pin when V
DD
= 0 V is
provided.
Data Sheet S15840EJ2V0DS
16
PD168110
PACKAGE DRAWING
S
24-PIN PLASTIC TSSOP (5.72 mm (225))
NOTE
Each lead centerline is located within 0.10 mm of
its true position (T.P.) at maximum material condition.
ITEM
MILLIMETERS
A
A'
C
D
6.65
0.10
6.5
0.1
0.1
0.05
F
0.5 (T.P.)
G
B
0.575
E
0.22
0.05
1.2 MAX.
H
1.0
0.05
I
6.4
0.1
J
4.4
0.1
K
0.17
0.025
L
0.5
M
0.10
N
0.08
R
0.25
1.0
0.1
S
0.6
0.15
P24MA-50-6A5
P
3
+5
-3
24
13
1
12
M
S
N
K
F
G
L
R
S
E
P
J
D
M
C
A
B
A'
H
I
detail of lead end
Data Sheet S15840EJ2V0DS
17
PD168110
RECOMMENDED SOLDERING CONDITIONS
The
PD168110 should be soldered and mounted under the following recommended conditions.
For soldering methods and conditions other than those recommended below, contact an NEC Electronics sales
representative.
For technical information, see the following website.
Semiconductor Device Mount Manual (http://www.necel.com/pkg/en/mount/index.html)
Recommended Soldering Conditions for Surface Mounting Type
PD168110MA-6A5 24pin TSSOP
Soldering Method
Soldering Conditions
Recommended
Condition Symbol
Infrared reflow
Package peak temperature: 260
C, Time: 60 seconds max. (at 220C or
higher), Count: Three times or less, Exposure limit: None, Flux: Rosin flux with
low chlorine (0.2 Wt% or below) recommended
IR60-00-3
Caution Do not use different soldering methods together (except for partial heating).
PD168110
The information in this document is current as of June, 2005. The information is subject to change
without notice. For actual design-in, refer to the latest publications of NEC Electronics data sheets or
data books, etc., for the most up-to-date specifications of NEC Electronics products. Not all
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representative for availability and additional information.
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(Note)
M8E 02. 11-1
(1)
(2)
"NEC Electronics" as used in this statement means NEC Electronics Corporation and also includes its
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"NEC Electronics products" means any product developed or manufactured by or for NEC Electronics (as
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Computers, office equipment, communications equipment, test and measurement equipment, audio
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"Standard":
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"Specific":
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