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ACS108-5Sx
October 2001 - Ed: 6C
AC LINE SWITCH
TO-92
ACS108-5SA
s
Blocking voltage: V
DRM
/ V
RRM
= 500V
s
Clamping voltage: V
CL
= 600V
s
Nominal current: I
T(RMS)
= 0.8 A
s
Gate triggering current : I
GT
< 10 mA
s
Triggering current is sourced by the gate
s
Switch integrated driver
s
Drive reference COM connected to the SOT-223
tab
FEATURES
The ACS108 belongs to the AC line switches built
around the ASDTM concept. This high performance
device is able to control an 0.8 A load device.
The ACSTM switch embeds a high voltage
clamping structure to absorb the inductive
turn-off energy and a gate level shifter driver to
separate the digital controller from the main
switch. It is triggered with a negative gate current
flowing out of the gate pin.
For further technical information, please refer to
AN1172 the Application note.
DESCRIPTION
OUT
COM
G
s
Needs no external overvoltage protection.
s
Enables the equipment to meet IEC61000-4-5
standard.
s
Allows straightforward connection of several
SOT-223 devices on the same cooling pad.
s
Reduces the switch component count by up to
80%.
s
Interfaces directly with the microcontroller.
s
Eliminates any stressing gate kick back on the
microcontroller.
BENEFITS
FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM
G
COM
OUT
ON
S
D
ACS108
ASDTM
AC Switch Family
SOT-223
ACS108-5SN
OUT
COM
COM
G
s
AC on-off static switching in appliance &
industrial control systems
s
Drive of low power high inductive or resistive
loads like:
- relay, valve, solenoid, dispenser
- pump, fan, micro-motor
- low power lamp bulb, door lock
MAIN APPLICATIONS
ASD and ACS are a trademarks of STMicroelectronics.
ACS108-5Sx
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Symbol
Parameter
Value
Unit
V
DRM /
V
RRM
Repetitive peak off-state voltage
Tj = 125 C
500
V
I
T(RMS)
RMS on-state current full cycle sine
wave 50 to 60 Hz
TO-92
Tlead = 75 C
0.8
A
TO-92
Tamb = 60 C
0.3
A
SOT-223
Tamb = 75 C
0.8
A
I
TSM
Non repetitive surge peak on-state current
Tj initial = 25C, full cycle sine wave
F =50 Hz
7.3
A
F =60 Hz
8
A
dI/dt
Critical rate of repetitive rise of on-state current
I
G
= 20mA with tr = 100ns
F =120 Hz
100
A/
s
V
PP
Non repetitive line peak pulse voltage
note 1
2
kV
Tstg
Storage temperature range
- 40 to + 150
C
Tj
Operating junction temperature range
- 30 to + 125
C
Tl
Maximum lead temperature for soldering during 10s
260
C
Note 1: according to test described by IEC61000-4-5 standard & Figure 3.
ABSOLUTE RATINGS (limiting values)
Symbol
Parameter
Value
Unit
P
G (AV)
Average gate power dissipation
0.1
W
I
GM
Peak gate current (tp = 20
s)
1
A
V
GM
Peak positive gate voltage (respect to the pin COM)
5
V
SWITCH GATE CHARACTERISTICS (maximum values)
Symbol
Parameter
Value
Unit
Rth (j-a)
Junction to ambient
TO-92
150
C/W
SOT-223 (*)
60
C/W
Rth (j-l)
Junction to lead for full AC line cycle conduction
TO-92
60
C/W
Rth (j-t)
Junction to tab for full AC line cycle conduction
SOT-223
25
C/W
(*) : with 5cm2 copper (e=35
m) surface under tab
THERMAL RESISTANCES
Symbol
Test Conditions
Values
Unit
I
GT
V
OUT
=12V
R
L
=140
Tj=25C
MAX.
10
mA
V
GT
V
OUT
=12V
R
L
=140
Tj=25C
MAX.
1
V
V
GD
V
OUT
=V
DRM
R
L
=3.3k
Tj=125C
MIN.
0.15
V
I
H
I
OUT
= 100mA gate open
Tj=25C
TYP.
25
mA
MAX.
60
mA
I
L
I
G
= 20mA
Tj=25C
TYP.
30
mA
MAX.
65
mA
V
TM
IOUT = 1.1A
tp=500
s
Tj=25C
MAX.
1.3
V
I
DRM
I
RRM
V
OUT
= V
DRM
V
OUT
= V
RRM
Tj=25C
MAX.
2
A
Tj=125C
MAX.
200
A
dV/dt
V
OUT
=400V gate open
Tj=110C
MIN.
500
V/
s
(dI/dt)c
(dV/dt)c=10V/
s
Tj=110C
MIN.
0.1
A/ms
(dI/dt)c*
(dV/dt)c = 15V/s Iout < 0
(note 3)
Tj=110C
MIN.
0.3
A/ms
V
CL
ICL = 1mA
tp=1ms
Tj=25C
TYP.
600
V
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
For either positive or negative polarity of pin OUT voltage respect to pin COM voltage excepted note 3
ACS108-5Sx
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The ACS108 device is well adapted to washing machines, dishwashers, tumble driers, refrigerators, water
heaters and cookware. It has been especially designed to switch ON and OFF low power loads such as
solenoids, valves, relays, dispensers, micro-motors, fans, pumps, door locks and low power lamp bulbs.
Pin COM:
Common drive reference to connect to the power line neutral
Pin G:
Switch Gate input to connect to the digital controller through the resistor
Pin OUT:
Switch Output to connect to the Load
The ACSTM switch is triggered with a negative gate current flowing out of the gate pin G. It can be driven di-
rectly by the digital controller through a resistor as shown on the typical application diagram. No protection
devices are required between the gates and common terminals.
The SOT-223 version allows several ACS108 devices to be connected on the same cooling PCB pad
which is the COM pin : this cooling pad can be then reduced, and the printed circuit layout is simplified.
In appliance systems, the ACS108 switch intends to drive low power load in full cycle ON / OFF mode. The
turn off commutation characteristics of these loads can be classified in 3 groups as shown in Table 1.
Thanks to its thermal and turn-off commutation characteristics, the ACS108 switch drives a load, such as
door lock, lamp, relay, valve and micro motor, up to 0.2 A without any turn-off aid circuit. Switching off the
ACS within one full AC line cycle will extend its current up to 0.8 A on resistive load.
AC LINE SWITCH BASIC APPLICATION
LOAD
Load IRMS
Current
(A)
POWER
FACTOR
(dI/dt)c
(A/ms)
(dV/dt)c
(V/
s)
TURN-FF
DELAY
(ms)
Door Lock Lamp
< 0.3
1
0.15
0.15
<10
< 0.8
1
0.4
0.15
< 20
Relay Valve
Dispenser
Micro-motor
< 0.1
> 0.7
< 0.05
< 5
< 10
Pump Fan
< 0.2
> 0.2
< 0.1
< 10
< 10
< 0.6
> 0.2
< 0.3
< 10
< 20
Table 1: Load grouping versus their turn off commutation requirement (230V AC applications).
TYPICAL APPLICATION DIAGRAM
AC
MAINS
L
N
ST 72 MCU
LOAD
- Vcc
L
R
G
COM
OUT
ACS108
ON
S
D
ACS108-5Sx
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Fig. 3: Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive
and inductive loads according to IEC61000-4-5
standard.
R = 150
, L = 5
H, V
PP
= 2kV.
Iout (2 A/div)
Vout (200 V/div)
dI/dt = 100 A/s
Fig. 4: Current and voltage of the ACSTM during
IEC61000-4-5 standard test with a 150
- 10
H
load & V
PP
= 2kV.
Fig. 1: Turn-off operation of the ACS108 switch
with an electro valve: waveform of the gate current
I
G
, pin OUT current I
OUT
& voltage V
OUT
.
Fig. 2: ACS108 switch static characteristic.
T
ime (400s/div)
I
OUT
(10 mA/div)
V
OUT
(200V/div)
I
H
V
CL
= 650V
I
H
V
CL
I
OUT
V
OUT
R
L
R
G
= 220
V
AC
+ V
PP
AC LINE &
SURGE VOLTAGE
GENERATOR
G
COM
OUT
ACSxx
ON
S
D
At the end of the last conduction half-cycle, the load current reaches the holding current level I
H
, and the
ACSTM switch turns off. Because of the inductance L of the load, the current flows through the avalanche
diode D and decreases linearly to zero. During this time, the voltage across the switch is limited to the
clamping voltage V
CL
.
The energy stored in the inductance of the load depends on the holding current I
H
and the inductance (up to
10 H); it can reach about 20 mJ and is dissipated in the clamping section that is especially designed for that
purpose.
HIGH INDUCTIVE SWITCH-OFF OPERATION
The ACS108 switch is able to safely withstand the AC line transient voltages either by clamping the low en-
ergy spikes or by breaking over under high energy shocks.
The test circuit in Figure 4 is representative of the final ACSTM application and is also used to stress the
ACSTM switch according to the IEC61000-4-5 standard conditions. Thanks to the load, the ACSTM switch
withstands the voltage spikes up to 2 kV above the peak line voltage. It will break over safely even on resis-
tive load where the turn-on current rise is high as shown in Figure 4. Such non-repetitive testing can be
done 10 times on each AC line voltage polarity.
AC LINE TRANSIENT VOLTAGE RUGGEDNESS
ACS108-5Sx
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0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
IT(RMS)(A)
P(W)
Fig. 5: Maximum power dissipation versus RMS
on-state current.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90 100 110 120 130
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
Tamb(C)
IT(RMS)(A)
ACS108-5SA (TO92, Tamb=Tlead)
ACS108-5SN with 5cm copper surface under tab
ACS108-5SA (TO92)
Fig. 6:
RMS on-state current versus ambient
temperature.
1E-3
1E-2
1E-1
1E+0
1E+1
1E+2 5E+2
0.01
0.10
1.00
tp(s)
Zth(j-a) / Rth(j-a)
Fig. 7-1: Relative variation of thermal impedance
junction
to
ambient
versus
pulse
duration
(ACS108-5SA) (TO-92).
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
Tj(C)
IGT [Tj] / IGT [Tj=25C]
Fig. 8: Relative variation of gate trigger current
versus junction temperature.
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
Tj(C)
IH,IL [Tj] / IH,IL [Tj=25C]
Fig. 9: Relative variation of holding and latching
current versus junction temperature.
1E-3
1E-2
1E-1
1E+0
1E+1
1E+2 5E+2
0.01
0.10
1.00
tp(s)
Zth(j-a) / Rth(j-a)
Fig. 7-2: Relative variation of thermal impedance
junction
to
ambient
versus
pulse
duration
(ACS108-5SN) (SOT-223).
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