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ACS108-5Sx
November 1999 - Ed: 3B
AC LINE SWITCH
TO92
ACS108-5SA
n
V
DRM
/ V
RRM
= 500V
n
Avalanche controlled device
n
I
T(RMS)
= 0.8 A
n
Gate triggering current : I
GT
< 10 mA
n
Switch integrated driver
n
Drive reference COM connected to the SOT223 tab
FEATURES
The ACS108 belongs to the AC line switches built
around the ASD
TM
concept. This high performance
full planar technology device is able to control an
0.8 A load.
The ACS
TM
switch embeds a high voltage
clamping structure to absorb the inductive
turn-off energy and a gate level shifter driver to
separate the digital controller from the main
switch. It is triggered with a negative gate current
flowing out of the gate pin.
DESCRIPTION
OUT
COM
G
n
Needs no more external protection snubber &
varistor.
n
Enables the equipment to meet IEC1000-4-5
standard.
n
Allows straightforward connection of several
SOT223 devices on the same cooling pad.
n
Reduces the switch component count by up to
80%.
n
Interfaces directly with the microcontroller.
n
Eliminates any stressing gate kick back on the
microcontroller.
BENEFITS
FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM
G
COM
OUT
ON
S
D
ACS108
ASD
TM
AC Switch Family
SOT223
ACS108-5SN
OUT
COM
COM
G
n
AC Line switch for appliance control systems
n
Drive of low power high inductive or resistive
loads like:
- solenoid, relay, valve, dispenser
- micro-motor
- door lock
- low power lamp bulb
- pump
- fan
MAIN APPLICATIONS
Note:
For further technical information, please re-
fer to the Application note AN1172.
ACS108-5Sx
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Symbol
Parameter
Value
Unit
V
DRM
V
RRM
Repetitive peak off-state voltage
Tj = 25
C
500
V
I
T(RMS)
RMS on-state current full cycle sine
wave 50 to 60 Hz
TO92
Tlead = 60
C
0.8
A
TO92
Tamb = 60
C
0.3
A
SOT223
Tamb = 55
C
0.8
A
I
TSM
Non repetitive surge peak on-state current
Tj initial = 25
C, full cycle sine wave
F =50 Hz
7.3
A
F =60 Hz
8
A
dI/dt
Critical rate of rise of on-state current
I
G
= 20mA with tr = 100ns
Repetitive
F =120 Hz
20
A/
s
V
PP
Non repetitive line peak pulse voltage
note 1
2
kV
Tstg
Storage temperature range
- 40 to + 150
C
Tj
Operating junction temperature range
0 to + 110
C
Tl
Maximum lead temperature for soldering during 10s
260
C
note 1 : according to test described by IEC 1000-4-5 standard & Figure 3.
ABSOLUTE RATINGS (limiting values)
Symbol
Parameter
Value
Unit
P
G (AV)
Average gate power dissipation
0.1
W
I
GM
Peak gate current (tp = 20
s)
1
A
V
GM
Peak positive gate voltage (respect to the pin COM)
5
V
SWITCH GATE CHARACTERISTICS (maximum values)
Symbol
Parameter
Value
Unit
Rth (j-a)
Junction to ambient
TO92
150
C/W
SOT223 (*)
60
C/W
Rth (j-l)
Junction to lead for full AC line cycle conduction
TO92
60
C/W
Rth (j-t)
Junction to tab for full AC line cycle conduction
SOT223
25
C/W
(*) : with 5cm2 copper (e=35
m) surface under tab
THERMAL RESISTANCES
Symbol
Test Conditions
Values
Unit
I
GT
V
OUT
=12V
(DC) R
L
=140
Tj=25
C
MAX
10
mA
V
GT
V
OUT
=12V
(DC) R
L
=140
Tj=25
C
MAX
1
V
V
GD
V
OUT
=V
DRM
R
L
=3.3k
Tj=110
C
MIN
0.2
V
I
H
I
OUT
= 100mA gate open
Tj=25
C
TYP
25
mA
MAX
60
mA
I
L
I
G
= 20mA
Tj=25
C
TYP
30
mA
MAX
65
mA
V
TM
IOUT = 1.1A
tp=380
s
Tj=25
C
MAX
1.3
V
I
DRM
I
RRM
V
OUT
= V
DRM
V
OUT
= V
RRM
Tj=25
C
MAX
2
A
Tj=110
C
MAX
50
A
dV/dt
V
OUT
=400V gate open
Tj=110
C
MIN
500
V/
s
(dI/dt)c
(dV
OUT
/dt)c=10V/
s
Tj=110
C
MIN
0.1
A/ms
V
CL
ICL = 1mA
tp=1ms
Tj=25
C
TYP
600
V
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
For either positive or negative polarity of pin OUT voltage respect to pin COM voltage
ACS108-5Sx
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The ACS108 device is well adapted to washing machine, dishwasher, tumble drier, refrigerator, water
heater and cookware. It has been designed especially to switch ON and OFF low power loads such as so-
lenoid, valve, relay, micro-motor, fan, pump, door lock and low wattage lamp bulb.
Pin COM:
Common drive reference to connect to the power line neutral
Pin G:
Switch Gate input to connect to the digital controller
Pin OUT:
Switch Output to connect to the Load
The ACS
TM
switch is triggered with a negative gate current flowing out of the gate pin G. It can be driven di-
rectly by the digital controller through a resistor as shown on the typical application diagram. Note that no
protection device (zener or capacitor) should be added between gates and common terminals.
The SOT223 version allows several ACS108 devices to be connected on the same cooling PCB pad which
is the COM pin : this cooling pad can be then reduced, and the printed circuit layout is simplified.
In appliances systems, the ACS108 switch intends to drive low power load in full cycle ON / OFF mode.
When the gate signal is removed, the load is switched off after a delay time that is equal to one half line cy-
cle or one full line cycle depending on the load drive strategy.
The turn off commutation characteristics of these loads can be classified in 3 groups as shown in table 1.
Thanks to its thermal and turn off commutation performances, the ACS108 switch is able to drive with no
additional turn off snubber, a resistive or inductive load up to 0.2 A (when this load has to switch off within
one half AC line cycle), an inductive load up to 0.6 A or a resistive load up to 0.8 A (when this load has to
switch off within one full AC line cycle).
AC LINE SWITCH BASIC APPLICATION
LOAD
IRMS
(A)
POWER
FACTOR
(dI/dt)c
(A/ms)
(dV/dt)c
(V/
s)
TURN-FF
DELAY
(ms)
Door Lock Lamp
< 0.3
1
0.15
0.15
<10
< 0.8
1
0.4
0.15
< 20
Relay Valve
Dispenser
Micro-motor
< 0.1
> 0.7
< 0.05
< 5
< 10
Pump Fan
< 0.2
> 0.2
< 0.1
< 10
< 10
< 0.6
> 0.2
< 0.3
< 10
< 20
Table 1: Load grouping versus their turn off commutation requirement (230V AC applications).
TYPICAL APPLICATION DIAGRAM
AC
MAINS
L
N
ST 72 MCU
LOAD
- Vcc
L
R
G
COM
OUT
ACS108
ON
S
D
ACS108-5Sx
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Fig 3: Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for
resistive and inductive loads according to IEC
1000-4-5 standard.
R = 150
, L = 5
H, V
PP
= 2kV.
Iout (2 A/div)
Vout (200 V/div)
dI/dt = 100 A/
s
Fig 4: Current and voltage of the ACS
TM
during
IEC 1000-4-5 standard test with a 220
- 10
H
load & V
PP
= 2kV.
Fig 1: Turn-off operation of the ACS108 switch
with an electro valve: waveform of the gate current
I
G
, pin OUT current I
OUT
& voltage V
OUT
.
Fig 2: ACS108 switch static characteristic.
T
ime (400
s/div)
I
OUT
(10 mA/div)
V
OUT
(200V/div)
I
H
V
CL
= 650V
I
H
V
CL
I
OUT
V
OUT
R
L
R
G
= 220
V
AC
+ V
PP
AC LINE &
SURGEVOLTAGE
GENERATOR
G
COM
OUT
ACSxx
ON
S
D
At the end of the last conduction half-cycle, the load current reaches the holding current level I
H
, and the
ACS
TM
switch turns off. Because of the inductance L of the load, the current flows through the avalanche
diode D and decreases linearly to zero. During this time, the voltage across the switch is limited to the
clamping voltage V
CL
.
The energy stored in the inductance of the load depends on the holding current I
H
and the inductance (up to
10 H); it can reach about 20 mJ and is dissipated in the clamping section that is especially designed for that
purpose.
INDUCTIVE SWITCH-OFF OPERATION
The ACS108 switch is able to sustain safely the AC line transient voltages either by clamping the low en-
ergy spikes or by breaking over under high energy shocks, even with high turn-on current rises.
The test circuit of the figure 4 is representative of the final ACS
TM
application and is also used to stress the
ACS
TM
switch according to the IEC1000-4-5 standard conditions. Thanks to the load, the ACS
TM
switch
sustains the voltage spikes up to 2 kV above the peak line voltage. It will break over safely even on resistive
load where the turn on current rise is high as shown on figure 4. Such non repetitive test can be done 10
times on each AC line voltage polarity.
AC LINE TRANSIENT VOLTAGE RUGGEDNESS
ACS108-5Sx
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0
25
50
75
100
125
0.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
IGT[Tj]/IGT[Tj=25
C]
Tj(
C)
Fig 5: Relative variation of gate trigger current
versus junction temperature
0
25
50
75
100
125
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
IH[Tj]/IH[Tj=25
C] & IL[Tj]/IL[Tj=25
C]
Tj(
C)
Fig 6:
Relative variation of holding & latching
currents versus junction temperature
0.5
0.75
1
1.25
1.5
1.75
2
0.05
0.07
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.8
1
2
5
IOUT (A)
VTM (V)
Fig 7: On state characteristics @Tj max
V
TO
= 0.90 V & R
T
= 0.3
(maximum values)
Pon
V
I
R x I
TO
T RMS
T
T RMS
=
+
. .
.
(
)
(
)
2
2
2
Zth(j-a)/Rth(j-a)
1E-3
1E-2
1E-1
1E+0
1E+1
1E+2 5E+2
0.01
0.10
1.00
tp (s)
Fig 9-1: Relative variation of the junction to
ambient thermal impedance versus conducting
pulse duration for the SOT223
Standard foot print with 35
m copper layout
thickness.
1E-3
1E-2
1E-1
1E+0
1E+1
1E+2 5E+2
0.01
0.10
1.00
Zth(j-a)/Rth(j-a)
tp (s)
Fig 9-2: Relative variation of the junction to
ambient thermal impedance versus conducting
pulse duration for the TO92.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100 110 120
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
IT(RMS) (A)
TO92
SOT223 (*)
Tamb (
C)
Fig 8: Maximum RMS switch current versus
ambient temperature on inductive load (PF>0.1)
and a low repetitive rate (F < 1 Hz)
(*): with 5cm
2
copper (e=35
m) surface under tab
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