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ACS402-5SB4
October 2001 - Ed: 6B
QUAD AC LINE SWITCH ARRAY
DIP-20
s
4 high voltage AC switch array
s
Blocking voltage: V
DRM
/ V
RRM
= 500V
s
Clamping voltage: V
CL
= 600V
s
Nominal current: I
T(RMS)
= 0.2 A per switch
s
Nominal current: I
T(RMS
) = 0.4 A for the total
array
s
Switch integrated driver
s
Triggering current is sourced by the gate
s
Gate triggering current : I
GT
< 10 mA
FEATURES
The ACS402 belongs to the AC line switches array
family built around the ASDTM concept. This high
performance device includes 4 bi-directional a.c.
switches able to control an 0.2 A resistive or induc-
tive load device.
Each ACSTM switch integrates a high voltage
clamping structure to absorb the inductive turn off
energy and a gate level shifter driver to separate
the digital controller from each main switch. It is
triggered with a negative gate current flowing out
of the gate pin.
For further technical information, please refer to
AN1172 the Application note.
DESCRIPTION
s
Needs no external overvoltage protection.
s
Enables the equipment to meet IEC61000-4-5
standard.
s
Miniaturizes 4 switches in 1 package.
s
Reduces the switch component count by up to
80%.
s
Interfaces directly with the microcontroller.
s
Eliminates any stressing gate kick back on the
microcontroller.
BENEFITS
PIN OUT CONNECTION
OUT1
OUT2
OUT3
OUT4
1
G1
G2
G3
G4
COM
COM
note : pins 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 not connected.
s
AC on-off static switching in appliance &
industrial control systems
s
Drive of low power high inductive or resistive
loads like:
- relay, valve, solenoid, dispenser
- pump, fan, micro-motor
- low power lamp bulb, door lock
MAIN APPLICATIONS
ASDTM
AC Switch Family
ASD and ACS are a trademarks of STMicroelectronics .
ON
G1
G2
G3
G4
Com
OUT1
OUT2
OUT3
OUT4
ON
S1
D1
S2
D2
S3
D3
S4
D4
ACS402
ON
ON
FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM
ACS402-5SB4
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Symbol
Parameter
Value
Unit
V
DRM /
V
RRM
Repetitive peak off-state voltage
Tj = 125 C
500
V
I
T(RMS)
RMS on-state current full cycle sine
wave 50 to 60 Hz
per switch
Tamb = 110 C
0.2
A
total array
Tamb = 90 C
0.4
A
I
TSM
Non repetitive surge peak on-state current
Tj initial = 25C, full cycle sine wave
F =50 Hz
5
A
F =60 Hz
5.5
A
dI/dt
Critical rate of repetitive rise of on-state current
I
G
= 20mA (tr = 100ns)
F =120 Hz
20
A/
s
V
PP
Non repetitive line peak pulse voltage
note 1
2
kV
Tstg
Storage temperature range
- 40 to + 150
C
Tj
Operating junction temperature range
- 30 to + 125
C
Tl
Maximum lead temperature for soldering during 10s
260
C
Note 1: according to test described by IEC61000-4-5 standard & Figure 3.
ABSOLUTE RATINGS (limiting values)
Symbol
Parameter
Value
Unit
P
G (AV)
Average gate power dissipation
0.1
W
I
GM
Peak gate current (tp = 20
s)
1
A
V
GM
Peak positive gate voltage (respect to the pin COM)
5
V
SWITCH GATE CHARACTERISTICS (maximum values)
Symbol
Parameter
Value
Unit
Rth (j-a)
Junction to ambient
90
C/W
THERMAL RESISTANCE
Symbol
Test conditions
Values
Unit
I
GT
V
D
= 12V
R
L
= 140
Tj=25C
MAX.
10
mA
V
GT
V
D
= 12V
R
L
= 140
Tj=25C
MAX.
1
V
V
GD
V
OUT
= V
DRM
R
L
= 3.3k
Tj=125C
MIN.
0.15
V
I
H
I
OUT
= 100mA gate open
Tj=25C
TYP.
25
mA
MAX.
60
mA
I
L
I
G
= 20mA
Tj=25C
TYP.
30
mA
MAX.
65
mA
V
TM
I
OUT
= 0.3A
tp = 500
s
Tj=25C
MAX.
1.1
V
I
DRM
I
RRM
V
OUT
= V
DRM
V
OUT
= V
RRM
Tj=25C
MAX.
2
A
Tj=125C
MAX.
200
A
dV/dt
V
OUT
= 400V gate open
Tj=110C
MIN.
500
V/
s
(dI/dt)c
(dV/dt)c = 10V/
s
Tj=110C
MIN.
0.1
A/ms
V
CL
I
CL
= 1mA
tp = 1ms
Tj=25C
TYP.
600
V
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS PER SWITCH
For either positive or negative polarity of pin OUT1, OUT2, OUT3, OUT4 voltage respect to pin COM voltage.
ACS402-5SB4
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LOAD
POWER
(VA)
POWER
FACTOR
RMS LOAD
CURRENT
(A)
(dI
OUT
/dt)c
(A/ms)
(dV
OUT
/dt)c
(V/
s)
Door lock Bulb
Lamp
< 40
1
< 0.2
< 0.1
< 0.15
Relay Valve
Dispenser
Micro-motor
Solenoid
< 20
> 0.7
< 0.1
< 0.05
< 2
Pump Fan
< 40
> 0.2
< 0.2
< 0.1
< 10
(*): Measured with an ACS402 switch
Table 1: Load grouping versus their turn off commutation requirement (230V AC applications).
MAINS
L
N
VALVE / DISPENSER
DOOR LOCK
RELAY
PUMP/FAN
M
G1
G2
G3
G4
COM
OUT1
OUT2
OUT3
OUT4
ACS402
PA0
ST72 MCU
PA1
PA3
PA2
Vcc
Vss
ON
ON
S1
D1
S2
D2
S3
D3
S4
D4
ON
ON
TYPICAL APPLICATION DIAGRAM
The ACS402 device is well adapted to washing machines, dishwashers, tumble driers, refrigerators, water
heaters and cookware. It has been designed especially to switch ON and OFF low power loads such as so-
lenoids, valves, relays, micro-motors, pumps, fans, door locks and low power lamp bulbs.
Pin COM:
Common drive reference to connect to the power line neutral
Pin G:
Switch Gate input to connect to the digital controller through the resistor
Pin OUT:
Switch Output to connect to the load
Each ACSTM switch is triggered with a negative gate current flowing out of the gate pin G. It can be driven
directly by the digital controller through a resistor as shown on the typical application diagram. No protec-
tion device are required between the gates and common terminals.
In appliance systems, this ACSTM switch intends to drive low power load in full cycle ON / OFF mode. The
turn off commutation characteristics of these loads can be classified in 3 groups as shown in Table 1.
Thanks to its thermal and turn-off commutation performance, each switch of the ACS402 is able to drive
an inductive or resistive load up to 0.2 A with no additional turn-off snubber.
AC LINE SWITCH BASIC APPLICATION
ACS402-5SB4
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Each ACS402 switch is able to safely withstand the AC line transient voltages either by clamping the low
energy spikes or by breaking over under high energy shocks.
The test circuit in Figure 3 is representative of the final ACSTM application and is also used to stress the
ACSTM switch according to the IEC61000-4-5 standard conditions. Thanks to the load, the ACSTM switch
withstands the voltage spikes up to 2 kV above the peak line voltage. It will break over safely even on resis-
tive load where the turn-on current rise is high as shown in Figure 4. Such non repetitive test can be done
10 times on each AC line voltage polarity.
AC LINE TRANSIENT VOLTAGE RUGGEDNESS
Fig 3: Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive
and inductive loads according to IEC61000-4-5
standard.
R = 150
, L = 5
H, V
PP
= 2kV.
Iout (2 A/div)
Vout (200 V/div)
dI/dt = 100 A/s
Fig 4: Current and voltage of the ACSTM during
IEC61000-4-5 standard test with a 150
- 10
H
load & V
PP
= 2kV.
Fig 1: Turn-off operation of the ACS402 switch
with an electro valve: waveform of the gate current
I
G
, pin OUT current I
OUT
& voltage V
OUT
.
T
ime (400s/div)
I
OUT
(10 mA/div)
V
OUT
(200V/div)
I
H
V
CL
= 650V
At the end of the last conduction half-cycle, the load current reaches the holding current level I
H
, and the
ACSTM switch turns off. Because of the inductance L of the load, the current flows through the avalanche
diode D and decreases linearly to zero. During this time, the voltage across the switch is limited to the
clamping voltage V
CL
.
The energy stored in the inductance of the load depends on the holding current I
H
and the inductance (up to
10 H); it can reach about 20 mJ and is dissipated in the clamping section that is especially designed for that
purpose.
HIGH INDUCTIVE SWITCH-OFF OPERATION
Fig 2: ACS402 switch static characteristic.
I
H
V
CL
I
OUT
V
OUT
R
L
R
G
= 220
V
AC
+ V
PP
AC LINE &
SURGE VOLTAGE
GENERATOR
G
COM
OUT
ACSxx
ON
S
D
ACS402-5SB4
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0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
IT(RMS)(A)
P(W)
Fig. 5: Maximum power dissipation versus RMS
on-state current (per switch).
0
25
50
75
100
125
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
Tamb(C)
IT(RMS)(A)
4 switches ON
1 switch ON
Fig. 6:
RMS on-state current versus ambient
temperature.
1E-4
1E-3
1E-2
1E-1
1E+0
1E+1
1E+2 5E+2
1E-3
1E-2
1E-1
1E+0
tp (s)
Zth(j-a)/Rth(j-a)
1 switch
4 switches
Fig. 7: Relative variation of thermal impedance
junction to ambient versus pulse duration (device
mounted on printed circuit board FR4, e(Cu) =
35
m)
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
Tj(C)
IGT [Tj] / IGT [Tj=25C]
Fig. 8: Relative variation of gate trigger current
versus junction temperature.
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
Tj(C)
IH,IL [Tj] / IH,IL [Tj=25C]
Fig. 9: Relative variation of holding and latching
current versus junction temperature.
1
10
100
1000
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Number of cycles
ITSM(A)
Non repetitive
Tj initial=25C
Tamb=25C
Repetitive
One cycle
t=20ms
Fig. 10: Surge peak on-state current versus
number of cycles.
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