STV2216
BUS CONTROLLED NTSC/PAL TV PROCESSOR
May 1997
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41
42
GND1
Y/CVBS
NC
FBOSD
ROSD
GOSD
BOSD
SWI
VOL
ECS
FTUN1
SCL
SDA
ACC
CLPF
CXTL1
CXTL2
GND2
V
CC2
BYO
RYO
LFB/SC
HOUT
VOUT
VAMP
SLPF
SXTL
BCL
ICAT
RO
GO
BO
CR
CB
CG
CHR/SVHS
V
CC1
CHROMA/SCANNING/BUS SUPPLY
BYI
RYI
B-Y OUTPUT
R-Y OUTPUT
R-Y INPUT
B-Y INPUT
LINE FLYBACK INPUT/SANDCASTLE OUTPUT
HORIZONTAL OUTPUT
VERTICAL OUTPUT
AMPLITUDE CONTROL VOLTAGE
SCANNING LOOP FILTER
503kHz CERAMIC
BEAM CURRENT LIMITER
CATHODE CURRENT MEASUREMENT
RED OUTPUT
GREEN OUTPUT
BLUE OUTPUT
RED CUT-OFF CAPACITOR
BLUE CUT-OFF CAPACITOR
GREEN CUT-OFF CAPACITOR
CHROMINANCE INPUT/SVHS SELECTION
VIDEO SUPPLY
BUS/VIDEO GROUND
CVBS OR LUMINANCE INPUT
NOT TO BE CONNECTED
RGB INSERTION
OSD BLUE INPUT
IF STANDARD AND SWITCH SELECTION
VOLUME AND MUTE CONTROL VOLTAGE
FILTER TUNING
DATA WIRE I
2
C BUS
ACC CONTROL CAPACITOR
CHROMA LOOP FILTER
3.58MHz XTAL
CHROMA/SCANNING GROUND
4.43MHz XTAL
CLOCK WIRE I
2
C BUS
EXTERNAL CRYSTAL SELECTION
OSD GREEN INPUT
OSD RED INPUT
ACCO
BSC
XRAY
ACC OVERLOAD
BLACK STRETCH FILTER
XRAY INPUT
22
16
-
0
1.
E
P
S
PIN CONNECTIONS
SHRINK42
(Plastic Package)
ORDER CODE : STV2216
.
I
2
C BUS CONTROL OF ALL FUNCTIONS
.
INTEGRATED FILTERS (TRAP, BANDPASS)
.
INTEGRATED LUMINANCE DELAY LINE
.
NTSC
CHROMA
DEMODULATOR
WITH
AUTOMATIC FLESH TONE
.
PAL DEMODULATOR
.
AUTOMATIC CUT-OFF CURRENT LOOP
.
ONE RGB INPUT
.
SVHS SWITCH
.
TWO PLLs HORIZONTAL DEFLECTION
.
VERTICAL COUNT DOWN
.
XRAY PROTECTION
.
BLACK STRETCH
.
BLUE SCREEN
.
VERY FEW EXTERNAL COMPONENTS
DESCRIPTION
The STV2216 is a fully bus controlled IC for TV
luma, chroma and deflection processing.
Used with STV8223 (PIF/SIF/switches), TDA1771
or TDA8174(frame booster),STV2180(delay line),
it allows to design a PAL/NTSC (BGDKIMN) set
with very few external components and no adjust-
ment.
1/26
Y
CHR
FB
R
G
B
Y/CVBS
CHR
ACC
CXTAL2
CXTAL1
R
G
B
ICAT
CR
CG
CB
BCL
VOUT
HOUT
SXTAL
SLPF
LFB/SC
GND2
SWI
VOL
CLPF
R-Y
B-Y
FILTER
TUNING
V
CC1
SDA
SCL
SHARP
V
CC2
GND1
FILTER
TUNING
TRAP
BANDPASS
SVHS
SWITCH
20
23
8
DELAY
LINE
SHARPNESS
MATRIX
SATURATION
BRIGHTNESS
CONTRAST
RGB
SWITCHES
BLUE
SCREEN
BLANKING
AUTO
CUT-OFF
BLACK
&
WHITE
CONTROL
22
42
39
38
R-Y
B-Y
OSD
15
14
13
12
29
28
27
30
26
24
25
31
35
VAMP
34
FRAME
SCANNING
36
21
1
3
7
33
32
SYNC
SEPARATOR
5
2
3
44
0
4
1
BUS
DECODER
6
7
11
10
HUE
BRIG
SAT
CONT
STD
DRIVE
VIDEO
IDENTIFICATION
CUT-OFF
STV2216
LINE
SCANNING
XRAY
INPUT
XRAY
DETECTOR
19
FILTER
BLACK
STRETCH
18
ACC
OVERLOAD
17
ACC
EXTERNAL
XTAL
SELECT.
9
STANDARD
IDENTIFICATION
PAL/NTSC
KILLER
DELAY
LINE
INTERFACE
PLL
NTSC
DEMODULATORS
FLESH
CONTROL
PAL
DEMODULATORS
22
16
-
0
2
.
E
P
S
BLOCK DIAGRAM
STV2216
2/26
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
1 - DEFLECTION CIRCUIT (Note : [X,Y] : line number referred to the internal line counter numbering)
- Fully integrated synch. separator, with a low pass
filter, a black level alignment of the Y/CVBS input, a
slicing level at 2/3,1/3of the sync. pulse amplitude.
- Frame sync. pulse locked on 2 f
H
frequency to
perfect interlace.
- 500kHz VCO with an external ceramic resonator.
- Two phase locked loops
the first PLL locks the VCO on the video signal
frequency,
the second PLL compensates the line transistor
storage time.
- Three time constants for the first PLL.
thelong timeconstantis usedfor normal operation
the short time constant is automatically used
during the frame retrace and in search mode of
VCR when the frame pulse is outside [258,264]
and [309,314].
very long time constant when no video recognition
Time constants in normal operation
(automatic selection of time constants) :
50Hz input signal :
- short time constant : [306, 21]
- long time constant : the rest of the field
60Hz input signal :
- short time constant : [0, 16]
- long time constant : the rest of the field
inhibition of the first PLL :
the first locked loop is opened from line 309 to
line 4.5 (or 314) in 50Hz mode. It is opened from
line 258 to line 5.5 (or 264) in 60Hz mode.
the time constantsvalues are chosenby means
of external components.
possibility to force the short time constant
through the bus.
possibility to force the very long time constant
through the bus.
- Video identification : coincidence detector be-
tween the line synchro top and a line frequency
window from the first PLL. The video identification
status is available in the output register of the I
2
C
bus decoder.
- Generation of burst gate pulses and line fre-
quency signals from the first PLL to drive the
chroma and video circuits. The burst gate pulse
is also sent to the sandcastle generator.
- Frame synchro window : [248, 352]
catching
- Field frequency selection windows :
[248, 288] 6 0H z m o de s el e c ti o n if t wo
consecutive frame pulses occur
inside this window,otherwise 50Hz
mode selection.
[288, 352] 50Hz mode selection window
- frame blanking pulse :
from line 0 to 21 in 50Hz mode
from line 0 to 16 in 60Hz mode
- Vertical output pulse is 10.5 lines long.
- Horizontal output pulse : 28
s line pulse on an
open collector output;
- Start up circuit : the horizontal output is at a high
level when V
CC
increases from 0 to 6.8V. On
shutting down, horizontal pulses are disabled
when V
CC
is below 6.2V.
- Soft-start circuit : the duty cycle of the horizontal
output is 78 % (Thigh/(Thigh + TLow)) when V
CC1
is lower than (0.75 x V
CC2
), during the rising time.
During the falling time, a 78% duty cycle HOUT
pulse is provided when V
CC1
is lower than
(0.60 x V
CC2
).
- Possibility to disable the horizontal output pulse
through the bus (force a high level on HOUT).
- XRAY protection.
- Horizontal position adjustment controlled by bus.
- Bus controlledoutput voltage to adjustthe vertical
amplitude; this voltage permits to adjust the slope
of the vertical sawtooth generated by the external
frame booster.
- Bus controlled vertical position ; the high level of
the vertical pulse permits to adjust the vertical
position.
- Bus controlled 4/3-16/9 selection : the low level
of the vertical pulse is 0.1V when 16/9 is selected,
2V when 4/3 is selected.
- Combined flyback input and sandcastle output
(Pin 37). Two thresholds on LFB/SCO Pin : The
lowest threshold (0.7V) permits to extract the line
blankingpulse; the highestthreshold (2V) permits
to extract the line pulse for PLL2. The sandcastle
signal at Pin 37 is used to control the external
baseband chroma delay line.
STV2216
3/26
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (continued)
2 - FILTERS
- Integrated trap filter :
Q
=
1
f
o
f
-
3dB
-
f
-
3dB
f
o
Q = 2.5 at sharp. min
Center frequency : 4.43MHz,
3.58MHz for PAL, NTSC
- Integrated chroma bandpass : Q = 3.5
Center frequency : 4.43MHz, 3.58MHz
- Integrated delay line : Bandwidth = 8MHz
- Integrated low pass filter for deflection part.
- All filters are tuned with a reference phase locked
loop. The PLL consists of a lowpass filter, a phase
comparator, a loop filter (with an external capaci-
tor). The reference signal is the continuous carrier
wave from the VCO (4.43MHz or 3.58MHz). The
PLL adjusts the centerfrequencyof the lowpass so
that it is equal to the reference signal. The tuning
voltage of the PLL is used to adjust all other filters.
3 - VIDEO CIRCUIT
- 1 analogRGB input with fixed gain. It may be used
for OSD, Text, ...
- Oversize blanking capability on FB(OSD)(Pin15)
input. The RGB ouputs will be blanked when the
voltage on Pin 15 will exceed the second thresh-
old at 2V (blanking threshold) : the whole field is
blanked but not the inserted cut-off pulses. The
OSD insertion threshold is 0.7V.
- Automatic cut-off current loop : 2V cut-off range.
Sequential cut-off current measurement during
the three lines after the frame blanking signal.
Leakage current measurement during the frame
blanking, memorization on an internal capacitor.
- Possibility to force through the bus the inserted
cut-off pulses on lines 23/24/25(CCIR) in 50Hz
and 60Hz mode. This will increase frame blan-
king time in 60Hz mode.
- Warm up detector.
- Beam current limiter DC voltage input.
The beam current limiter control voltage will act
on contrast first, then the brightness will be de-
creased when contrast attenuation reaches -5dB.
- Bus control of the red, green and blue channel
gain (White point adjustment)
- Bus control of the red and green DC levels (black
point adjustment)
- PAL matrix, specific NTSC matrix when demodu-
lation angles are (0
o
, 104
o
).
- Switch-off of the trap filter in SVHS mode.
- Bus controlled contrast on luminance
(20dB range)
- Bus controlled saturation (50dB range)
- Bus controlled brightness : 40% range at maxi-
mum contrast.
- Bus controlled sharpness (peaking).
- Noise coring function on sharpness.
Can be disabled through the bus
- Bus controlled blue screen feature.
- Black stretcher. Can be disabled through the bus.
STV2216
4/26
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (continued)
4 - CHROMA CIRCUIT
4.1 - PAL/NTSC Decoders
- SVHS inputs ; bus controlled SVHS mode.
- 30dB range ACC
- Use of an external base band delay line
(STV2180 recommended)
- Automatic standard identification, with possibility
to force the standard through the bus.
- ACC done by peak detector on synchronous de-
modulation of the burst
- ACC overload.
- Fully integrated killer functions.
- VCO using two standard crystals : 4.43MHz and
3.58MHz. One crystal is internally selected de-
pending on the standard selection.
- 3 crystals application capability : one crystal on
Pin XTAL1 (4.43MHz or 3.58MHz), two crystals
on Pin XTAL 2 (3.58MHz only) which can be
selected by Pin 9 out signal.
XTAL SPECIFICATION :
Frequency
Motional Capacity
4.433619MHz (PAL)
3.579545MHz (NTSC M)
3.575611MHz (PAL M)
3.582056MHz (PAL N)
13fF
3fF
11fF
3fF
9fF
1fF
10fF
2fF
Vibration mode : Fondamental,series resonance
(no serial capacitor)
Resonance resistance : < 70
Shunt capacitance : < 7pF
Spurious response : No resonance at 3*f
o
3kHz
- 0
o
and
90
o
demodulation angles for PAL
- (0
o
, 90
o
) or (0
o
,104
o
) = demodulation angles for
NTSC. The selection of 90
o
or 104
o
is made
through the bus.
- Bus control Hue adjustment in NTSC mode.
- NTSC Automatic Flesh control. Bus controlled
disable. Two automatic flesh control charac-
teristics : the first one with
20
o
correction and a
total action range of
90
o
, the second one with
12
o
maximum correction and a total actionrange
of
60
o
. The selection of the flesh characteristic
is bus controlled.
- Switchable Chroma demodulator gain (+6dB) for
NTSC only application, when no external chroma
delay line is used.
4.2 - Standard Identification
- 3 identification sequences : XTAL1 (crystal on
Pin 3), XTAL2-1 (first crystal on Pin 2), XTAL2-2
(second crystal on Pin 2). Parallel identificationof
PAL and NTSC.
- Blanking of the (R-Y) and B-Y) outputs during
color search mode.
5 - OTHER FUNCTIONS : IF CONTROLS
5.1 - Volume Control and Mute
The volume control voltage range on Pin 10 is from
0.5V to 5V. A low voltage on Pin 10 (below 0.1V)
will put the volume to minimum and mute the FM
demodulatorof the IF circuit (STV8223).Thus there
will be no sound either on the speaker or an audio
output plug.
The volume control voltage and the mute level are
controlled by the bus.
5.2 - TV/External Mode Selection
The selection of theTV/External (AV) mode is con-
trolled by the bus. The selection is converted in two
voltages on Pin 11.
The lowest voltage selects the TV mode.
The highest voltage (open collector output with
internal pull-up resistor to V
CC
) selects the Exter-
nal (AV) mode.
STV2216
5/26
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