TDA7370
QUAD POWER AMPLIFIER FOR CAR RADIO
MINIMUM EXTERNAL COMPONENT COUNT
HIGH CURRENT CAPABILITY
NO BOOTSTRAP CAPACITORS
NO BOUCHEROT CELLS
CLIP DETECTOR OUTPUT
HIGH OUTPUT POWER
HIGH APPLICATION FLEXIBILITY
FIXED GAIN
VERY LOW STAND-BY CURRENT (1
A typ)
NO SWITCH ON/OFF NOISE
PROTECTIONS:
OUTPUT AC/DC SHORT CIRCUIT TO GND
AND TO V
S
VERY INDUCTIVE LOADS
OVERRATING CHIP TEMPERATURE
LOAD DUMP VOLTAGE
FORTUITOUS OPEN GND
REVERSE BATTERY
ESD
DESCRIPTION
The TDA7370 is a new technology class AB quad
channels Audio Power Amplifier in Multiwatt pack-
age designed for car radio applications.
Thanks to the fully complementary PNP/NPN out-
put configuration the high power performances of
the TDA7370 are obtained without bootstrap ca-
pacitors.
April 1995
BLOCK DIAGRAM
MULTIWATT 15
ORDERING NUMBER: TDA7370
1/17
PIN CONNECTION (Top view)
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Symbol
Parameter
Value
Unit
V
S
DC Supply Voltage
28
V
V
OP
Operating Supply Voltage
18
V
V
PEAK
Peak Supply Voltage (t = 50ms)
50
V
I
O
Output Peak Current (not rep. t = 100
s)
4.5
A
I
O
Output Peak Current (rep. f > 10Hz)
3.5
A
P
tot
Power Dissipation (T
case
= 85
C)
36
W
T
stg
, T
j
Storage and Junction Temperature
-40 to 150
C
THERMAL DATA
Symbol
Description
Value
Unit
R
th j-case
Thermal Resistance Junction-case
Max
1.8
C/W
TDA7370
2/17
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Refer to the test circuit; V
S
= 14.4V; R
L
= 4
, T
amb
= 25
C,
f = 1kHz, unless otherwise specified)
Symbol
Parameter
Test Condition
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
V
S
Supply Range
8
18
V
I
d
Total Quiescent Drain Current
R
L
=
150
mA
P
O
Output Power
R
L
= 4
; THD = 10%
Single Ended
Bridge
5.5
6.5
20
W
W
d
Distortion
R
L
= 4
;
Single Ended, P
O
= 0.1 to 4W
Bridge, P
O
= 0.1 to 10W
0.03
0.5
%
%
CT
Cross Talk
f = 1kHz Bridge
f = 10kHz Bridge
f = 1kHz Single Ended
f = 10kHz Single Ended
65
55
60
50
dB
dB
dB
dB
R
IN
Input Impedance
Single Ended
Bridge
20
15
K
K
G
V
Voltage Gain
Single Ended
Bridge
20
26
dB
dB
G
V
Voltage Gain Match.
1
dB
E
IN
Input Noise Voltage (*)
SINGLE ENDED
Non Inv. Ch., R
g
= 10k
Inv. Ch., R
g
= 10k
BRIDGE (R
g
= 0 to 10k
)
3.0
5
3.5
V
V
V
SVR
Supply Voltage Rejection
R
g
= 0; f = 100Hz to 10kHz
50
dB
ASB
Stand-by Attenuation
60
dB
I
SB
ST-BY Current
1
A
V
SB ON
ST-BY On Threshold Voltage
1.5
V
V
SB OFF
ST-BY Off Threshold Voltage
3.5
V
V
OS
Output Offset Voltage
200
mV
I
CD OFF
Clipping Detector "OFF "
Output Average Current
THD = 1% (**)
100
A
I
CD ON
Clipping Detector "ON"
Output Average Current
THD = 10% (**)
190
A
(*) Weighted A
(**) Pin 10 Pulled-up to 5V with 10k
;
TDA7370
3/17
APPLICATION CIRCUIT (QUAD STEREO)
QUAD STEREO P.C. BOARD AND COMPONENT LAYOUT (1:1 SCALE)
TDA7370
4/17
APPLICATION CIRCUIT (DOUBLE BRIDGE)
DOUBLE BRIDGE P.C. BOARD AND COMPONENT LAYOUT (1:1 SCALE)
TDA7370
5/17
APPLICATION CIRCUIT (STEREO/BRIDGE)
Figure 1: Quiescent Drain Current vs. Supply
Voltage (Bridge/Single Ended)
Figure 2: Quiescent Output Voltage vs. Supply
Voltage (Bridge/Single Ended)
TDA7370
6/17
Figure 3: Output Power vs. Supply Voltage
(Single Ended)
Figure 4: Output Power vs. Supply Voltage
(Bridge)
Figure 5: Distortion vs. Output Power (Single
Ended)
Figure 6: Distortion vs. Output Power (Bridge)
Figure 7: Output Power vs. Frequency (Single
Ended)
Figure 8: Output Power vs. Frequency (Bridge)
TDA7370
7/17
Figure 9: Supply Voltage Rejection vs.
Frequency (Single Ended) for different
values of pin 6 capacitor.
Figure 10: Supply Voltage Rejection vs.
Frequency (Bridge) for different
values of pin 6 capacitor.
Figure 11: Cross-Talk vs. Frequency (Bridge)
Figure 12: Stand-By Attenuation vs. Threshold
Voltage (Single Ended/Bridge)
Figure 14: En input vs. R
S
(Single Ended)
Figure 13: Clipping Detector Average Current
(pin 10) vs.Distortion (Single Ended)
R
g
R
g
R
g
TDA7370
8/17
Figure 17: Total Power Dissipation and
Efficiency vs. Ouput Power (Single
Ended)
Figure 18: Total Power Dissipation and
Efficiency vs. Ouput Power (Bridge)
Figure 16: En input vs. R
S
(Bridge)
Figure 15: En input vs. R
S
(Single Ended)
R
g
R
g
TDA7370
9/17
OUTPUT STAGE
The fully complementary output stage was made
possible by the development of a new compo-
nent: the ST exclusive power ICV PNP.
A novel design based upon the connection shown
in fig. 19 has then allowed the full exploitation of
its possibilities.
The clear advantages this new approach has over
classical output stages are as follows:
1 - Rail-to-Rail Output Voltage Swing With No
Need Of Bootstrap Capacitors.
The output swing is limited only by the Vcesat of
the output transistors, which are in the range of
0.6 Ohm (R
sat
) each.
Classical solutions adopting composite PNP-NPN
for the upper output stage have higher saturation
loss on the top side of the waveform. This unbal-
anced saturation causes a significant power re-
duction. The only way to recover power consists
of the addition of expensive bootstrap capacitors.
2 - Absolute Stability Without Any External
Compensation.
Referring to the circuit of Fig. 19
the gain
V
OUT
/V
IN
is greater than unity, approximately 1 +
R2/R1. The DC output (V
CC
/2) is fixed by an aux-
iliary amplifier common to all the channels).
By controlling the amount of this local feedback it
is possible to force the loop gain (A *
) to less
than unity at frequency for which the phase shift
is 180 Deg. This means that the output buffer is
intrinsically stable and not prone to oscillation.
Most remarkably, the above feature has been
achieved in spite of the very low closed loop gain
of the amplifier (20 dB).
In contrast, with the classical PNP-NPN stage,
the solution adopted for reducing the gain at high
frequencies makes use of external RC networks,
namely the Boucherot cells.
OTHER OUTSTANDING CHARACTERISTICS:
Clipping Detector Output
The TDA7370 is equipped with an internal circuit
able to detect the output stage saturation provid-
ing a current sinking into a open collector output
(pin 10) when a certain distortion level is reached
at each output.
This particular function allows gain compression
facility whenever the amplifier is overdriven, thus
obtaining high quality sound at all listening levels.
Figure 19: The new Output Stage
Figure 20: Clipping Detection Waveforms
TDA7370
10/17
Offset Control
The quiescent output voltage must be as close as
possible to its nominal value, so that less undis-
torted power would be available.
For this reason an input bias current compensa-
tion is implemented to reduce the voltage drop
across the input resistors, which appears ampli-
fied at the outputs.
Gain Internally Fixed to 20dB in Single Ended,
26dB in Bridge
Advantages of this design choice are in terms of:
components and space saving
output noise, supply voltage rejection and dis-
tortion optimization.
Silent Turn On/Off and Muting/Stand-by Func-
tion
The stand-by can be easily activated by means of
a CMOS level applied to pin 7 through a RC filter.
Under stand-by condition the device is turned off
completely (supply current= 1
A TYP ; output at-
tenuation= 90 dB TYP).
Every ON/OFF operation is virtually pop free.
Furthermore, at turn-on the device stays in muting
condition for a time determined by the value as-
signed to the SVR capacitor (T= Csvr
*
7,000).
While in muting the device outputs becomes in-
sensitive to any kinds of signal that may be pre-
sent at the input terminals. In other words every
transient coming from previous stages produces
no unpleasant acoustic effect to the speakers.
Another situation under which the device is totally
muted is whenever the supply voltage drops
lower than 7V. This is helpful to pop suppression
during the turn-off by battery switch.
Easy Single Ended to Bridge Transition.
The change from single ended to bridge configu-
rations is made simply by means of a short circuit
across the inputs, that is no need of further exter-
nal components.
High Application Flexibility
The availability of 4 independent channels makes
it possible to accomplish several kinds of applica-
tions ranging from 4 speakers stereo (F/R) to 2
speakers bridge solutions.
In case of working in single ended conditions the
polarity of the speakers driven by the inverting
amplifier must be reversed respect to those
driven by non inverting channels.
This is to avoid phase inconveniences causing
sound alterations especially during the reproduc-
tion of low frequencies.
BUILT-IN PROTECTION SYSTEMS
Full Protection of Device and Loudspeakers
Against AC/DC Short Circuits (to Gnd, to Vs,
across the Speakers).
Reliable and safe operation in presence of all
kinds of short circuit involving the outputs is as-
sured by a built-in protection system that operates
in the following way:
In case of overload, a SCR is activated as soon
as the current flowing through the output transis-
tors overcomes a preset threshold value depend-
ing on the chip temperature. The SCR causes an
interruption of the supply current of the power
transistor. The normal working is restored by a re-
start circuit going into action as soon as the short
circuit is removed.
Load Dump Voltage Surge
The TDA 7370 has a circuit which enables it to
withstand a voltage pulse train on pins 3 and 13,
of the type shown in fig. 22.
If the supply voltage peaks to more than 50V,
then an LC filter must be inserted between the
supply and pins 3 and 13, in order to assure that
the pulses at pins 3 and 13 will be held within the
limits shown.
A suggested LC network is shown in fig. 21.
With this network, a train of pulses with amplitude
up to 120V and width of 2ms can be applied at
point A. This type of protection is ON when the
supply voltage (pulse or DC) exceeds 18V. For
this reason the maximum operating supply volt-
age is 18V.
Figure 21
Figure 22
TDA7370
11/17
Polarity Inversion
High current (up to 10A) can be handled by the
device with no damage for a longer period than
the blow-out time of a quick 2A fuse (normally
connected in series with the supply). This fea-
tures is added to avoid destruction, if during fitting
to the car, a mistake on the connection of the
supply is made.
Open Ground
When the radio is in the ON condition and the
ground is accidentally opened, a standard audio
amplifier will be damaged. On the TDA7370 pro-
tection diodes are included to avoid any damage.
Inductive Load
A protection diode is provided to allow use of the
TDA7370 with inductive loads.
DC Voltage
The maximum operating DC voltage for the
TDA7370 is 18V.
However the device can withstand a DC voltage
up to 28V with no damage. This could occur dur-
ing winter if two batteries are series connected to
crank the engine.
Thermal Shut-down
The presence of a thermal limiting circuit offers
the following advantages:
1)an overload on the output (even if it is perma-
nent), or an excessive ambient temperature
can be easily withstood.
2)the heatsink can have a smaller factor of
safety compared with that of a conventional
circuit. There is no device damage in case of
excessive junction temperature: all happens
is that P
o
(and therefore P
tot
) and I
d
are re-
duced.
The maximum allowable power dissipation de-
pends upon the size of the external heatsink (i.e.
its thermal resistance); Fig. 23 shows the dissi-
pable power as a function of ambient temperature
for different thermal resistance.
Loudspeaker Protection
The TDA7370 guarantees safe operations even for
the loudspeaker in case of accidental shortcircuit.
Whenever a single OUT to GND, OUT to V
S
short
circuit occurs both the outputs are switched OFF
so limiting dangerous DC current flowing through
the loudspeaker.
Figure 23: Maximum Allowable Power
Dissipation vs. Ambient Temperature
TDA7370
12/17
CLIPPING DETECTOR
Figures 25 and 26 show an application using the
TDA7370 in combination with the SGS-THOM-
SON audioprocessor TDA7302.
The output clipping is recognized by the micro-
processor (in this application it is simulated by a
PC).
The detailed way to operate of the system is rep-
resented by the flow-chart of fig.24
The controller detects when the clipping is active
(minimun detection width fixed by a C29 = 12 nF
external capacitor), and reduces the volume (or
bass ) by steps of 2 dB (with a programmable
waiting time), until no more clipping is detected.
Then the controller waits for a programmable time
before increasing the volume again by step of 2
dB until clipping is again detected or the panel se-
lected volume is reached.
Practical advantages of this application is a better
sound quality deriving from operation under no
clipping conditions, which also means the avail-
ability of higher undistorted power.
WHAT IS NEEDED FOR A DEMONSTRATION
- a XT or AT IBM compatible PC, supplied with
EGA card
- a SGS-THOMSON audioprocessor application disk
- a TDA 7302 + TDA7370 board
- a connector from audioprocessor board to PC
parallel port
GENERAL INFORMATION
In the application shown in figures 25 and 26 the
TDA7302 audioprocessor works on PC XT or AT
IBM compatible.
Control is accomplished by serial bus ( S-bus or
I
2
C-bus or SPI bus) sent to the test board through
the PC parallel port.
The PC simulates the behaviour of the microproc-
essor in a real application (for example in a car
radio) and the buffer is necessary only in this ap-
plication for protecting the PC.
Figure 24: Clipping Detector Control Routine
TDA7370
13/17
Figure 25: Application with TDA7302 + TDA7370 (QUAD STEREO)
TDA7370
14/17
Figure 26: Application wiyh TDA7302 + TDA7370 (DOUBLE BRIDGE)
TDA7370
15/17
DIM.
mm
inch
MIN.
TYP.
MAX.
MIN.
TYP.
MAX.
A
5
0.197
B
2.65
0.104
C
1.6
0.063
D
1
0.039
E
0.49
0.55
0.019
0.022
F
0.66
0.75
0.026
0.030
G
1.14
1.27
1.4
0.045
0.050
0.055
G1
17.57
17.78
17.91
0.692
0.700
0.705
H1
19.6
0.772
H2
20.2
0.795
L
22.1
22.6
0.870
0.890
L1
22
22.5
0.866
0.886
L2
17.65
18.1
0.695
0.713
L3
17.25
17.5
17.75
0.679
0.689
0.699
L4
10.3
10.7
10.9
0.406
0.421
0.429
L7
2.65
2.9
0.104
0.114
M
4.2
4.3
4.6
0.165
0.169
0.181
M1
4.5
5.08
5.3
0.177
0.200
0.209
S
1.9
2.6
0.075
0.102
S1
1.9
2.6
0.075
0.102
Dia1
3.65
3.85
0.144
0.152
MULTIWATT15 PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA
TDA7370
16/17
Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics assumes no responsibility for the
consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No
license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics. Specifications men-
tioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied.
SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without ex-
press written approval of SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics.
1995 SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics - All Rights Reserved
MULTIWATT
is a Registered Trademark of the SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics
SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics GROUP OF COMPANIES
Australia - Brazil - France - Germany - Hong Kong - Italy - Japan - Korea - Malaysia - Malta - Morocco - The Netherlands - Singapore -
Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - Taiwan - Thaliand - United Kingdom - U.S.A.
TDA7370
17/17
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