January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 1
TK10651
TK10651
FEATURES
s
Data and Voice Inputs
s
Data and Voice Outputs
s
Low Supply Current
s
Regulated Output
s
Wide Operating Voltage Range
s
Low Standby Current
s
Microphone Amplifier
s
IDC Circuit (Instantaneous Deviation Control)
APPLICATIONS
s
Portable Instrumentation
s
Cordless Telephones
s
Handy Talkies
s
Interphones
s
Amateur Radio Transceivers
LOW VOLTAGE COMPANDOR
DESCRIPTION
TK10651 is a noise reduction IC developed mainly for
cordless phones. It is also used for voice and data
communications. It has a built-in compressor circuit to
increase the average modulation level and an expander
circuit to reduce the noise level. The expander restores the
original dynamics of the input signal. The result is a high
quality signal transmission with low noise. Among the
many functions included, analog switching of the input and
output signal is particularly useful in cordless telephones.
Separate data input and output are provided. The audio
signal path can be muted during data transmission. The
signal path used for data transmission bypasses the com-
pressor and expander circuits.
The TK10651 is available in the SSOP-20 (MFP20)
surface mount package.
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
9
FILTER OUT
FILTER IN
COMP OUT
DATA IN
C-DFC
COMP RECT
COMP REF
COMP IN
COMP NF
GND
EXP IN
EXP NF
DATA OUT
EXP RECT
EXP OUT
VCC
THROUGH
EXP MUTE
EXP REF
COMP MUTE
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
TK10651
Tape/Reel Code
ORDERING INFORMATION
TAPE/REEL CODE
TL: Tape Left
Package Code
PACKAGE CODE
M: Surface Mount
10651M
THROUGH
+
EXP MUTE
COMP RECT
C-DCFB
DATA IN
COMP OUT
FILTER IN
FILTER OUT
COMP REF
GND
V
CC
EXP REF
EXP OUT
DATA OUT
EXP NF
EXP IN
EXP RECT
COMP IN
COMP NF
COMP MUTE
INPUT AMP
+
TO Vref
100 k
MIC AMP
3.3 k
51 k
+
THROUGH
SW
TO Vref
30 k
30 k
SUM
AMP
+
100 k
100 k
100 k
TO Vref
+
+
TO Vref
SUM
AMP
30 k
EXPANDER
THROUGH
SW
BUF
AMP
BLOCK DIAGRAM
Page 2
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
TK10651
Supply Voltage ......................................................... 10 V
Power Dissipation (Note 1) ................................ 410 mW
Junction Temperature .......................................... 150
C
Operating Voltage Range .............................. 2.4 to 7.0 V
Input Frequency ................................................. 100 kHz
Storage Temperature Range ................... -55 to +150
C
Operating Temperature Range .................. -20 to +70
C
Lead Soldering Temp. (10 sec.) .......................... 235
C
TK10651 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Test conditions: V
CC
= 3.0 V, f = 1.0 kHz, R
L
= 10 k
, T
A
= 25
C, unless otherwise specified.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Note 1:
Power dissipation is 410 mW in free air. Derate at 3.3 mW/
C for operation above 25
C.
Note 2:
Evaluated by CCITT standard P.53 noise filter.
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January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 3
TK10651
Note 2:
Evaluated by CCITT standard P.53 noise filter.
TK10651 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.)
Test conditions: V
CC
= 3.0 V, f = 1.0 kHz, R
L
= 10 k
, T
A
= 25
C, unless otherwise specified.
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Page 4
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
TK10651
TEST CIRCUIT
1.0 F
10 k
620
100
k
1.0 F
6800 pF
1000 pF
10 k
1.0 F
620
0.1 F
22 F
2.2 F
9.1 k
0.47 F
0.047 F
620
4.7 F
MUTE
EXPAND
THROUGH
MUTE
COMPRESS
4.7 F
0.047 F
1.0 F
51 k
50 pF
10 k
10 k
2.2 F
1.0 F
10 F
VCC
FILTER
OUT
FILTER
IN
COMPRESS
OUT
DATA
IN
COMPRESS
IN
EXPAND
OUT
DATA
OUT
EXPAND
IN
2.2 F
100 k
620
10 k
10 k
18000 pF
10 k
10 k
+
+
100 k
100 k
100 k
+
COMP
3.3 k
51 k
REG
100 k
REG
+
EXP
VCC
SWITCH PIN
HIGH (OPEN OR V
CC
)
LOW (GND)
Pin 11
Comp Mute OFF
Comp Mute ON
Pin 12
Compandor
Through
Pin 13
Exp Mute OFF
Exp Mute ON
Switch pins priority order:
High > pins 11 and 13 > pin 12 > low.
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 5
TK10651
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
DC CHARACTERISTICS
OUTPUT REFERENCE VOLTAGE
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
5
VCC (V)
-2
V
OE
(dB)
2
3
4
6
7
8
2
1
0
-1
fIN = 1.0 kHz
0
OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs.
INPUT VOLTAGE
-80
VIN (dB)
-110
V
OUT
(dB)
-100
-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
-70
-60 -50
-40
-30 -20 -10
100 mV(rms)
30 mV(rms)
REFERENCE
LEVEL
VCC = 3.0 V
fIN = 1.0 kHz
REFERENCE VOLTAGE vs.
SUPPLY VOLTAGE
5
VCC (V)
1.4
V
ref
(V)
1.5
2
3
4
6
7
8
1.48
1.46
1.44
1.42
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY
VOLTAGE
5
VCC (V)
2
I CC
(mA)
2
3
4
6
7
8
6
5
4
3
NO SIGNAL
REFERENCE VOLTAGE vs.
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
20
TA (
C )
1.4
V
ref
(V)
1.5
-40 -20
0
40
60
80
1.48
1.46
1.44
1.42
100
VCC = 3.0 V
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. AMBIENT
TEMPERATURE
20
TA (
C )
2
I CC
(mA)
-40 -20
0
40
60
80
6
5
4
3
100
VCC = 3.0 V
NO SIGNAL
EXPANDER AC CHARACTERISTICS
Page 6
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
TK10651
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.)
EXPANDER AC CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.)
OUTPUT REFERENCE VOLTAGE
vs. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
20
TA (
C )
-2
V
OE
(dB)
-40 -20
0
40
60
80
2
1
0
-1
100
VCC = 3.0 V
fIN = 1.0 kHz
DISTORTION vs.
INPUT VOLTAGE
-50
-45
-40
-35
VIN (dB)
0.1
THD (%)
0.2
1
5
0.5
2
10
-30
-25
-20
REFERENCE
LEVEL
VCC = 3.0 V
fIN = 1.0 kHz
COMPRESSOR AC CHARACTERISTICS
INPUT REFERENCE VOLTAGE
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
5
VCC (V)
-2
V
IN C
(dB)
2
3
4
6
7
8
2
1
0
-1
fIN = 1.0 kHz
INPUT REFERENCE VOLTAGE
vs. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
20
TA (
C )
-2
V
IN C
(dB)
-40 -20
0
40
60
80
2
1
0
-1
100
VCC = 3.0 V
fIN = 1.0 kHz
0
OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs.
INPUT VOLTAGE
-120
VIN (dB)
-70
V
OUT
(dB)
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
300 mv(rms)
10 mV(rms)
REFERENCE
LEVEL
VCC = 3.0 V
fIN = 1.0 kHz
DISTORTION vs.
INPUT VOLTAGE
-70 -65
-55 -50
VIN (dB)
.1
THD (%)
.2
1
5
.5
2
10
-45
-35 -30
-60
-40
REFERENCE LEVEL
VCC = 3.0 V
fIN = 1.0 kHz
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 7
TK10651
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.)
THIRD ORDER LPF CHARACTERISTICS
OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. THIRD
ORDER LPF INPUT FREQUENCY
0.1 0.2 0.5
1
fIN (kHz)
-70
V
OUT
(dB)
-60
-40
0
-50
-20
-10
10
2
5
10 20 50
-30
100
OUTPUT VOLTAGE VS. THIRD
ORDER LPF INPUT VOLTAGE
-90
VIN (dBV)
-70
V
OUT
(dBV)
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
-80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10
0
VCC = 3.0 V
fIN = 1.0 kHz
USING THE COMPANDOR TO IMPROVE S/N
This section provides an example of using the compandor
to improve S/N in a narrow band FM communication
system. In the test configuration below, the compressor
modulation level was measured as a function of the input
voltage to demonstrate the improvement resulting from the
use of the compressor. An audio signal is connected into
the compressor and the output is measured with the
modulation meter connected to the external modulation
input of the FM signal generator. The compressor's refer-
ence input level was set to produce
3.0 kHz frequency
deviation. As shown in the graph on the right, the peak
deviation remains the same when the compressor is used,
but a wider input range is obtained. The built-in character-
istics of the IDC circuit limit the maximum frequency devia-
tion to
4.5 kHz.
TEST CONFIGURATION
V
TK10651
COMP
FM IF IC
TK10487
TK10651
EXP
FM
SG
MODULATION LEVEL vs.
COMPRESSOR INPUT
0.1 0.2 0.5
1
VIN (mVrms)
0
m (
kHz )
1
3
6
2
4
5
7
2
5
10 20
50 100
COMPRESSOR
VCC = 3.0 V
fMOD = 1.0 kHz
THROUGH
Page 8
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
TK10651
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.)
USING THE COMPANDOR TO IMPROVE S/N (CONT.)
The following graph shows the characteristics when the RF
input is weak (RF IN = 30 dB
). There is a great difference
when the compandor is used with a weak RF input. When
the through function is used (noise reduction off), the output
is lost in noise as the compressor input drops below 80
dBV; but when the compandor function is used, it remains
level below 100 dBV. With a weak RF input, dynamic
range is extended by 30 dB.
The effects of the compandor within a narrow band FM
communications system was demonstrated while a coaxial
cable was used in place of transmission through free
space. The signal source was an FM signal generator
although there are some differences when actual transmis-
sion is through free space. However, the test configuration
used in this experiment is useful in understanding the
effects of the compandor.
OUTPUT VOLTAGE RATIO
(FOR WEAK RF INPUT SIGNAL)
vs. COMPANDOR INPUT
-110
VIN (dBV)
-80
V
OUT
(dB)
-90
-70
-50
-30
-10
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
VCC = 3.0 V
fOSC = 10.245 MHz
fMOD = 1.0 kHz
FILTER : CCITT P.53
IF IC :TK10487M
NO PRE-EMPHASIS
OR DE-EMPHASIS
SOLID LINE:
COMPRESSOR
DASHED LINE: THROUGH
OUTPUT VOLTAGE RATIO (FOR
STRONG RF INPUT SIGNAL)
vs. COMPANDOR RF INPUT
-120
VIN (dBV)
-80
V
OUT
(dB)
-90
-70
-50
-30
-10
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
VCC = 3.0 V
fOSC = 10.245 MHz
fMOD = 1.0 kHz
FILTER : CCITT P.53
IF IC :TK10487M
NO PRE-EMPHASIS
OR DE-EMPHASIS
SOLID LINE:
COMPRESSOR
DASHED LINE: THROUGH
OUTPUT VOLTAGE RATIO vs.
COMPANDOR RF INPUT
-20
VIN (dBu)
-80
V
OUT
(dB)
0
20
40
60
80
100
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
VCC = 3.0 V
fOSC = 10.245 MHz
DEV =
3.0 kHz
fMOD = 1.0 kHz
FILTER : CCITT P.53
IF IC : TK10487M
NO PRE-EMPHASIS
OR DE-EMPHASIS
SOLID LINE:
COMPRESSOR
DASHED LINE: THROUGH
SIGNAL
NOISE
The improvement resulting from the expander is expressed
by measuring the overall characteristics of the FM IF
System (TK10487M). The signal generator was switched
to internal modulation and the output is defined as 0 dB
when the RF input = 80 dB
. As the graph below indicates,
the noise is reduced when the expander is used, and good
S/N ratio is maintained even when the RF signal input is
weak.
Finally, the overall characteristics are measured using both
the compressor and the expander. The output is measured
when the compressor's input is at 40 dB
V and the
frequency deviation is
3.0 kHz.
The graph below shows the characteristics when the RF
input is strong (RF IN = 80 dB
). The dynamic range is
increased by more than 12 dB when the compandor is
used.
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 9
TK10651
COMPRESSOR
By placing the data input pin following the compressor
circuit, a data signal can be transmitted without being
compressed. Audio from the microphone can be connected
directly to the IC, because it passes through the built-in
microphone amplifier (the gain is adjustable). Since there is
a built-in limiter to prevent overmodulation, it is not neces-
sary to add an external Instantaneous Deviation Control
(IDC) circuit; furthermore, a Low Pass Filter (LPF) up to the
third order can be constructed using the buffer amplifier.
When a data signal is being transmitted, the unneeded
audio can be cut by engaging the mute switch.
EXPANDER
A wide range of applications are made possible because all
of the input amplifier pins are accessible. A LPF of up to the
third order can be constructed at the input, and with an
external resistor, it can be used as an amplifier. If the data
out pin is used for the output, a data signal can be extracted
without passing through the expander. During data trans-
mission, the audio signal system can be inhibited by using
the mute switch.
APPLICATION INFORMATION
COMPRESSOR MICROPHONE AMPLIFIER
The input pin connects to the reference voltage through a
100 k
bias resistor, therefore external bias is not neces-
sary. The microphone amplifier gain can be adjusted by
connecting an external resistor to NF pin 7. The gain is
highest when no resistor is added, and the standard input
level is 3 mV. When an external resistor of 9.1 k
is added,
the standard input level is about a 10 mV; when the external
resistor value is 68 k
, the standard input level is 30 mV.
The input can accommodate a variety of microphones by
adjusting the gain to match the microphone's output volt-
age.
The user should set the gain and input level so that the
output level at pin 3 is normally 300 mV (standard level).
8
+
-
51 k
3.3 k
7
COMP IN
COMP NF
100 k
V
REF
~3 mV
8
+
-
7
51 k
3.3 k
9.1 k
COMP IN
100 k
V
REF
COMP NF
~10 mV
7
Page 10
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
TK10651
+
-
5
30 k
30 k
C-DCFB
APPLICATION INFORMATION (CONT.)
BUFFER AMPLIFIER
Up to a third order LPF (for example, a splatter filter) can be
constructed using this amplifier. The maximum load at the
output pin is 10 k
. The non-inverting input of the amplifier
is not biased internally, therefore an external bias is needed
(for example Pin 3 V
ref
) whenever this pin is not direct-
coupled from the compressor output pin (pin 3).
10 k 10 k
10 k
18000 p
1000 p
6800 p
100 k
TO VREF
1
+
-
2
3 kHz LPF
COMPRESSOR DATA INPUT
An inverting amplifier is used at the DATA input. The
internal input resistors are 100 k
, and the DC bias (V
REF
)
is about 1.5 V. The maximum load at the output pin is 10 k
.
+
-
3
4
TO VREF
100 k
100 k
100 k
FROM COMP
COMP OUT
DATA IN
COMPRESSOR SUMMING AMPLIFIER
The compressor summing amplifier (SUM AMP) must have
unity DC gain and the AC open loop gain is high. Since the
feedback resistors are internal to the device, only one
external capacitor is needed between pin 5 and GND. The
cutoff frequency is determined by the external capacitor
and the internal resistors.
RECTIFIER
10 k
TO GAIN CELL
RECTIFIER
The rectifier's smoothing capacitor pins (6 & 18), determine
the smoothing characteristics and the time constants of the
compressor and the expander. The time constant is deter-
mined by the external capacitor value and the internal 10
k
resistance.
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 11
TK10651
REFERENCE VOLTAGE SOURCE
(PINS 9 AND 14)
Pin 9 is the reference voltage pin for the compressor and
pin 14 is the reference voltage pin for the expander. The
reference voltages are obtained from an internal band gap
reference and used as the bias source for each section.
SWITCH CIRCUIT (PINS 11, 12, and 13)
The compressor's and expander's mute pins and the through
pin (noise reduction is off) are pulled up by internal current
sources, therefore they do not need an external pull up.
Concerning the switching logic, refer to the table in the Test
Circuit section.
16
DATA
OUT
EXP NF
EXP
IN
+
-
15
17
10 k 10 k
10 k
18000 p
1000 p
6800 p
100 k
TO VREF
EXPANDER INPUT AMPLIFIER
The non-inverting and inverting input pins as well as the
output pins are available, and can be used as a buffer amp
or filter amp. A data signal can be obtained from the output
pin, without passing through the expander. The input level
and amplifier gain should be set to provide 180 mV(rms)
standard level at the data output pin (pin 17). The expander
input amplifier is not DC biased internally, therefore a bias
voltage from the expander's V
REF
pin (pin 14) should be
used. The maximum allowable load at the output pin is 10
k
.
+
-
15
17
100 k
TO VREF
16
10 k
51 k
EXP
OUT
DATA OUT
EXP NF
EXP
IN
APPLICATION INFORMATION (CONT.)
11,12,13
AMPLIFIER (GAIN = 6)
3 kHz LPF
Page 12
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
TK10651
1.0
4.4
10.2
0.35
e
1.4
1.5
0.15
6.0
0
~10
0.5
1.2
5.4
1.0
e
Recommended Mount Pad
0.5
0.1
0.10
20
11
10
1
e1
0.3
0.15
0.05
0.15
0.05
M
AAAAA
Mark
Country of Origin
Lot No.
YYY KR
Dimensions are shown in millimeters
Tolerance: x.x =
0.2 mm (unless otherwise specified)
PACKAGE OUTLINE
TOKO AMERICA REGIONAL OFFICES
Toko America, Inc. Headquarters
1250 Feehanville Drive, Mount Prospect, Illinois 60056
Tel: (847) 297-0070 Fax: (847) 699-7864
Visit our Internet site at http://www.tokoam.com
The information furnished by TOKO, Inc. is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, TOKO reserves the right to make changes or improvements in the design, specification or manufacture of its
products without further notice. TOKO does not assume any liability arising from the application or use of any product or circuit described herein, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of
third parties which may result from the use of its products. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of TOKO, Inc.
Western Regional Office
Toko America, Inc.
2480 North First Street , Suite 260
San Jose, CA 95131
Tel: (408) 432-8281
Fax: (408) 943-9790
Midwest Regional Office
Toko America, Inc.
1250 Feehanville Drive
Mount Prospect, IL 60056
Tel: (847) 297-0070
Fax: (847) 699-7864
Eastern Regional Office
Toko America, Inc.
107 Mill Plain Road
Danbury, CT 06811
Tel: (203) 748-6871
Fax: (203) 797-1223
Semiconductor Technical Support
Toko Design Center
4755 Forge Road
Colorado Springs, CO 80907
Tel: (719) 528-2200
Fax: (719) 528-2375
Marking Information
Marking
TK10651
10651
Printed in the USA
1999 Toko, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
IC-231-TK11031
0798O0.0K
SSOP-20 (MFP20)
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