T
R
I Q
U
I
N
T
S E M I C O N D U C T O R , I N C .
1
SYSTEM TIMING
PRODUCTS
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Output Buffers
VCO
Phase
Detector
VDD
Q10
Q9
GND
Q8
Q7
VDD
TEST
VDD
Q0
GND
Q1
Q2
VDD
FBIN S1 REFCLK S0 F1 F0 GND
GND Q3 Q4 VDD Q5 Q6 GND
1
2
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
27
28
25
24
23
26
Phase
Select
MUX
Divide Logic
4, 6, or 8
Group
A
Group B
Group
C
TriQuint's GA1088 is a configurable clock buffer which generates 11
outputs, operating over a wide range of frequencies -- from 18 MHz to
105 MHz. The outputs are available at either 1x and 2x or at 1x and
1
/
2
x
the reference clock frequency, f
REF
. When one of the Group A outputs (Q0
Q2) is used as feedback to the PLL, all Group A outputs will be at f
REF
, and
all Group B (Q3Q6) and Group C (Q7Q10) outputs will be at 2x f
REF
.
When one of the Group B outputs is used as feedback to the PLL, all Group
A outputs will be at
1
/
2
x f
REF
and all Group B and Group C outputs will
be at f
REF
.
A very stable internal Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) provides low-jitter
operation. This completely self-contained PLL requires no external
capacitors or resistors. The PLL's voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) has a
frequency range from 280 MHz to 420 MHz. By feeding back one of the
output clocks to FBIN, the PLL continuously maintains frequency and
phase synchronization between the reference clock (REFCLK) and each of
the outputs. The Shift Select pins select the phase shift (2t, t, 0, or +t)
for Group C outputs (Q7Q10) with respect to REFCLK. The phase shift
increment (t) is equivalent to the VCO's period (1/f
VCO
).
TriQuint's patented output buffer design delivers a very low output-to-
output skew of 150 ps (max). The GA1088's symmetrical TTL outputs are
capable of sourcing and sinking 30 mA.
GA1088
Features
Wide frequency range:
18 MHz to 105 MHz
Output configurations:
three outputs at
1
/
2
f
REF
three outputs at f
REF
four outputs at f
REF
with adjustable phase or
two outputs at f
REF
four outputs at 2x f
REF
four outputs at 2x f
REF
with adjustable phase
Selectable Phase Shift:
2t, t, 0, and +t (t = 1/f
VCO
)
Low output-to-output skew:
150 ps (max) within a group
Near-zero propagation delay
350 ps + 500 ps (max) or
350 ps +700 ps (max)
TTL-compatible with 30 mA
output drive
28-pin J-lead surface-mount
package
11-Output
Configurable
Clock Buffer
GA1088
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2
Functional Description
The core of the GA1088 is a Phase-Locked Loop (PLL)
that continuously compares the reference clock
(REFCLK) to the feedback clock (FBIN), maintaining a
zero frequency difference between the two. Since one
of the outputs (Q0Q6) is always connected to FBIN,
the PLL keeps the propagation delay between the
outputs and the reference clock within 350 ps +500 ps
for the GA1088-MC500, and within 350 ps +700 ps
for the GA1088-MC700.
The internal voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) has an
operating range of 280 MHz to 420 MHz. The
combination of the VCO and the Divide Logic enables
the GA1088 to operate between 18 MHz and 105 MHz.
The device features six divide modes:
4,
6,
8,
8,
12, and
16. The Frequency Select pins, F0 and F1,
and the output used as feedback to FBIN set the divide
mode as shown in Table 1.
The Shift Select pins, S0 and S1, control the phase
shift of the Group C outputs (Q7Q10), relative to the
other outputs. The user can select from four
incremental phase shifts as shown in Table 2 (Phase
Selection). The phase-shift increment (t) is calculated
using the following equation (where n is the
divide mode):
In the test mode, the PLL is bypassed and REFCLK is
connected directly to the Divide Logic block via the
MUX, as shown in Figure 1. This mode is useful for
debug and test purposes. The various test modes are
outlined in Table 3. In the test mode, the frequency of
the reference clock is divided by 4, 6, or 8.
The maximum rise and fall time at the output pins is
1.4 ns. All outputs of the GA1088 are TTL-compatible
with 30 mA symmetric drive and a minimum V
OH
of 2.4 V.
Power Up/Reset Synchronization
After power up or reset, the PLL requires time before it
achieves synchronization lock. The maximum time
required for synchronization (TSYNC) is 500 ms.
Table 1. Frequency Mode Selection
Feedback: Any Group B Output (Q3 Q6)
Select Pins
Reference Clock
Output Frequency Range
Test
F0
F1
Mode
Frequency Range
Group A: Q0Q2
Group B,C: Q3Q10
0
0
0
Not Used
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
0
1
0
8
35 MHz 50 MHz
35 MHz 50 MHz
70 MHz 105 MHz
0
0
1
12
24 MHz 35 MHz
24 MHz 35 MHz
48 MHz 70 MHz
0
1
1
16
18 MHz 26 MHz
18 MHz 26 MHz
35 MHz 52 MHz
Feedback: Any Group A Output (Q0 Q2)
Select Pins
Reference Clock
Output Frequency Range
Test
F0
F1
Mode
Frequency Range
Group A: Q0Q2
Group B,C: Q3Q10
0
0
0
Not Used
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
0
1
0
4
70 MHz 105 MHz
35 MHz 50 MHz
70 MHz 105 MHz
0
0
1
6
48 MHz 70 MHz
24 MHz 35 MHz
48 MHz 70 MHz
0
1
1
8
35 MHz 52 MHz
18 MHz 26 MHz
35 MHz 52 MHz
t =
1
(f
) (n)
REF
GA1088
3
SYSTEM TIMING
PRODUCTS
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S0
S1
Phase Difference (Q9, Q10)
0
0
+t
1
0
0
0
1
t
1
1
2t
Table 2. Phase Selection
Table 3. Test Mode Selection
Group A:
Group B,C
Test
F0
F1
Mode
Ref. Clock
Outputs Q0Q2
Outputs Q3Q10
1
0
0
not used
--
--
--
1
1
0
4
f
REF
f
REF
8
f
REF
4
1
0
1
6
f
REF
f
REF
12
f
REF
6
1
1
1
8
f
REF
f
REF
16
f
REF
8
Layout Guidelines
Multiple ground and power pins on the GA1088 reduce
ground bounce. Good layout techniques, however, are
necessary to guarantee proper operation and to meet
the specifications across the full operating range.
TriQuint recommends bypassing each of the V
DD
supply
pins to the nearest ground pin, as close to the chip as
possible.
Figure 2 shows the recommended power layout for the
GA1088. The bypass capacitors should be located on
the same side of the board as the GA1088. The V
DD
traces connect to an inner-layer V
DD
plane. All of the
ground pins (GND) are connected to a small ground
plane on the surface beneath the chip. Multiple through-
holes connect this small surface plane to an inner-layer
ground plane. The capacitors (C1C5) are 0.1 mF.
TriQuint's test board uses X7R temperature-stable
capacitors in 1206 SMD cases.
Figure 2. Top Layer Layout of Power Pins (approx. 3.3x)
C4
C5
C1
C2
C3
Pin 1
Pin 15
Ground
Plane
V
DD
V
DD
V
DD
V
DD
V
DD
GA1088
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4
Limits
4
Symbol
Description
Test Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
V
OHT
Output HIGH voltage
V
DD
= Min
I
OH
= 30 mA
2.4
3.4
V
V
IN
= V
IH
or V
IL
V
OHC
Output HIGH voltage
V
DD
= Min
I
OH
= 1 mA
3.2
4.1
V
V
IN
= V
IH
or V
IL
V
OL
Output LOW voltage
V
DD
= Min
I
OL
= 30 mA
0.27
0.5
V
V
IN
= V
IH
or V
IL
V
IH
5
Input HIGH level
Guaranteed input logical HIGH
2.0
V
Voltage for all Inputs
V
IL
5
Input LOW level
Guaranteed input logical LOW
0.8
V
Voltage for all inputs
I
IL
Input LOW current
V
DD
= Max
V
IN
= 0.40 V
156
400
A
I
IH
Input HIGH current
V
DD
= Max
V
IN
= 2.7 V
0
25
A
I
I
Input HIGH current
V
DD
= Max
V
IN
= 5.5 V
2
1000
A
I
DDS
6
Power supply current
V
DD
= Max
119
160
mA
V
I
Input clamp voltage
V
DD
= Min
I
IN
= 18 mA
0.70
1.2
V
Notes:
1. Exceeding these parameters may damage the device.
2. Maximum ambient temperature with device not switching and unloaded.
3. These values apply to both GA1088-MC500 and GA1088-MC700.
4. Typical limits are at V
DD
= 5.0 V and T
A
= 25
C.
5. These are absolute values with respect to device ground and all overshoots due to system or tester noise are included.
6. This parameter is measured with device not switching and unloaded.
7. These parameters are not 100% tested, but are periodically sampled.
Symbol
Description
Test Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
C
IN
3,7
Input capacitance
V
IN
= 2.0 V at f = 1 MHz
6
pF
(V
DD
= +5 V + 5%, T
A
= 0
C to +70
C)
3
DC Characteristics
Capacitance
Storage temperature
65
C to +150
C
Ambient temperature with power applied
2
55
C to +100
C
Supply voltage to ground potential
0.5 V to +7.0 V
DC input voltage
0.5 V to (V
DD
+ 0.5) V
DC input current
30 mA to +5 mA
Package thermal resistance (MQuad)
JA
= 45
C/W
Die junction temperature
T
J
= 150
C
Absolute Maximum Ratings
1
GA1088
5
SYSTEM TIMING
PRODUCTS
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Symbol
Input Clock (REFCLK)
Test Conditions (Figure 3)
1
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
t
CPWH
CLK pulse width HIGH
Figure 4
3
---
--
ns
t
CPWL
CLK pulse width LOW
Figure 4
3
---
--
ns
t
IR
Input rise time (0.8 V - 2.0 V)
--
--
2.0
ns
AC Characteristics
Notes: 1. All measurements
are tested with a REFCLK having a rise time of 0.5 ns (0.8 V to 2.0 V).
2. The PLL maintains alignment of CLK and FBIN at all times. This specification applies to the rising edge only because the input duty
cycle can vary while the output duty cycle is typically 50/50. The delay t
PD
is measured at the 1.5 V level between CLK and FBIN.
3. Skew
specifies the width of the window in which outputs switch, and is measured at 1.5 V.
4. This specification represents the deviation from 50/50 on the outputs.
5. Jitter specifications refer to peak-to-peak value. t
JR
is the jitter on the output with respect to the reference clock. t
JP
is the jitter on the
output with respect to the output's previous rising edge.
6. t
SYNC
is the time required for the PLL to synchronize; this assumes the presence of a CLK signal and a connection from one of the
outputs to FBIN.
Figure 3. AC Test Circuit
Notes:
Q0
Q1
Q2
Q10
FBIN
CLK
R1
R2
+5 V
R1
R2
+5 V
R1
R2
+5 V
R1
R2
+5 V
R1
R2
+5 V
Y
X
50
Z
Z
R1 = 160
R2 = 71
Y + Z = X
Symbol
Input Clock (Q0Q10)
Test Conditions (Figure 3)
1
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
t
OR,
t
OF
Rise/fall time (0.8 V 2.0 V)
Figure 4
350
--
1400
ps
t
PD1
2
CLK to FBIN
(GA1088-MC500)
Figure 4
850
350
+150
ps
t
PD2
2
CLK to FBIN
(GA1088-MC700)
Figure 4
1050
350
+350
ps
t
SKEW1
3
Riserise, fallfall
(within group)
Figure 5
--
60
150
ps
t
SKEW2
3
Riserise, fallfall
(group-to-group, aligned)
Figure 6
(skew2 takes into account skew1)
--
75
350
ps
t
SKEW3
3
Riserise, fallfall
(group-to-group, non-aligned)
Figure 7
(skew3 takes into account skews1, 2)
--
--
650
ps
t
SKEW4
3
Rise-fall, fall-rise
Figure 8
(skew4 takes into account skew3)
--
--
1200
ps
t
CYC
4
Duty-cycle Variation
Figure 4
1000
0
+1000
ps
t
JP
5
Period-to-Period Jitter
Figure 4
--
80
200
ps
t
JR
5
Random Jitter
Figure 4
--
190
400
ps
t
SYNC
6
Synchronization Time
--
10
500
s
(V
DD
= +5 V + 5%, T
A
= 0
C to +70
C)
GA1088
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6
t 1
Groups B or C
Period =
1
f
REFCLK
t SKEW3 = Period
2
t
f = 2x f
REF
1
Group A
Group C
t SKEW3 = n t 4
t 4
Group B
Group C
t SKEW3 = n t 4
t 4
Switching Waveforms
Figure 4. General Timing
t PD1,2
t JR
tCPW
(INDIVIDUALLY)
REFCLK
FBIN
Q0 Q10
tCPW
t PERIOD
t JP
Figure 5. t
SKEW1
Figure 7. t
SKEW3
(For Group A Feedback)
Note:
"n" is the phase shift increment: t, 0, -t, 2t.
t SKEW1
t SKEW1
Group A
Group A
Group B
Group B
Group C
Group C
t SKEW1
t SKEW1
t SKEW1
t SKEW1
(For Group A or B Feedback)
Figure 8. t
SKEW4
Figure 6. t
SKEW2
t SKEW2
Group A
Group B
and Group C
when n = 0
t SKEW4 = Period
2
t
=
Period
4
t
=
Period
4
t
t 3
t 4
Group A
Groups B or C
Period =
1
f
REFCLK
t 2
f = f
f = 2x f
REF
REF
2
3
4
GA1088
7
SYSTEM TIMING
PRODUCTS
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28-Pin MQuad Pin Description
Pin #
Pin Name
Description
I/O
1
GND
Ground
--
2
Q9
Output Clock 9 (C3)
O
3
Q10
Output Clock 10 (C4)
O
4
VDD
+5 V
--
5
GND
Ground
--
6
F0
Frequency Select 0
I
7
F1
Frequency Select 1
I
8
S0
Shift Select 0
I
9
REFCLK
Reference Clock
I
10
S1
Shift Select 1
I
11
FBIN
Feedback In
I
12
TEST
Test
I
13
VDD
+5 V
--
14
Q0
Output Clock 0 (A1)
O
28-Pin MQuad J-Leaded Package Mechanical Specification
PIN 1
.050 TYP.
NON-ACCUM.
.445 .005
.490 .005
.445
.005
.490
.005
.045
X 45
.132 .005
.050 TYP.
.410
.015
.018
.104
.005
.172 .005
8
15
22
.445
.005
.040 MIN
.015
X 45
0.125
VENT PLUG
.028
.060
(All dimensions are in inches)
Pin #
Pin Name
Description
15
GND
Ground
16
Q1
Output Clock 1 (A2)
17
Q2
Output Clock 2 (A3)
18
VDD
+5 V
19
GND
Ground
20
Q3
Output Clock 3 (B1)
21
Q4
Output Clock 4 (B2)
22
VDD
+5 V
23
Q5
Output Clock 5 (B3)
24
Q6
Output Clock 6 (B4)
25
GND
Ground
26
VDD
+5 V
27
Q7
Output Clock 7 (C1)
28
Q8
Output Clock 8 (C2)
GA1088
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8
Output Characteristics
The IV characteristics, transition times, package
characteristics, device and bond wire characteristics
for the GA1088 are described in Tables 4 through 9
and Figures 9 through 11.
Figure 10. I
OL
vs.V
OL
V
OL
I
OL
min (mA)
I
OL
max (mA)
2.5
145
435
2.0
135
410
1.5
115
350
1.0
90
265
0.5
40
120
0.0
0
0
0.5
37
97
1.0
49
140
1.5
53
155
2.0
54
157
2.5
54
159
3.0
54
160
3.5
54
160
4.0
54
160
4.5
54
160
5.0
54
160
10.0
54
160
Table 5. I
OL
vs.V
OL
These output characteristics are provided for modelling
purposes only. TriQuint does not guarantee the
information in these tables and figures.
Figure 9. I
OH
vs.V
OH
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
Volts
0
-20
-40
-60
-80
-100
-120
-140
-160
I (mA)
OH
V max
OH
V min
OH
HIGH
Table 4. I
OH
vs.V
OH
V
OL
I
OL
min (mA)
I
OL
max (mA)
0.0
70
160
0.5
70
157
1.0
68
152
1.5
65
142
2.0
59
130
2.5
48
106
3.0
29
79
3.5
0
42
4.0
0
0
4.5
0
0
5.0
0
0
5.5
40
120
6.0
90
265
6.5
115
350
7.0
135
410
7.5
145
435
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
Volts
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
I (mA)
OL
V max
OL
V min
OL
LOW
Notes: 1. These are worst-case corners for process, voltage,
and temperature.
2. Includes diode-to-ground current.
GA1088
9
SYSTEM TIMING
PRODUCTS
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Diode to GND
Diode Stack to VDD
V
I (mA)
V
I (mA)
0.0
0
5.0
0
0.4
0
5.4
0
0.5
0
5.5
0
0.6
5
5.6
5
0.7
15
5.7
15
0.8
35
5.8
35
0.9
55
5.9
55
1.0
75
6.0
75
2.0
300
7.0
300
2.5
350
7.5
350
3.0
360
8.0
360
Note:
TriQuint does not guarantee diode operation for purposes
other than ESD protection.
Table 6. Above-V
DD
and Below-Ground
Characteristics
Table 9. Rise and Fall Times
(Into 0 pF, 50 Ohms to 1.5 V)
Figure 11. Output Model
C2
DIE
C1
L2
L1
OUTPUT
Time (ns) T
R
min (V) T
R
max (V)
T
F
min (V) T
F
max (V)
0.0
0.15
0.32
3.20
3.04
0.1
0.15
0.32
3.20
3.04
0.2
0.16
0.32
3.06
2.95
0.3
0.18
0.32
2.86
2.90
0.4
0.23
0.32
2.62
2.68
0.5
0.26
0.32
2.38
2.50
0.6
0.34
0.32
2.17
2.36
0.7
0.46
0.34
2.00
2.22
0.8
0.67
0.39
1.85
2.09
0.9
0.89
0.49
1.69
1.95
1.0
1.12
0.63
1.52
1.86
1.1
1.32
0.86
1.38
1.68
1.2
1.50
1.09
1.26
1.59
1.3
1.73
1.27
1.12
1.49
1.4
1.93
1.45
0.96
1.36
1.5
2.15
1.64
0.83
1.23
1.6
2.75
2.23
0.52
0.95
1.7
2.58
2.00
0.61
1.00
1.8
2.75
2.23
0.52
0.95
1.9
2.90
2.41
0.45
0.91
2.0
3.02
2.50
0.39
0.86
2.1
3.12
2.64
0.33
0.77
2.2
3.17
2.77
0.29
0.73
2.3
3.19
2.86
0.24
0.68
2.4
3.20
2.95
0.21
0.64
2.5
3.20
2.99
0.19
0.59
2.6
3.20
3.02
0.17
0.55
2.7
3.20
3.02
0.16
0.53
2.8
3.20
3.04
0.16
0.50
2.9
3.20
3.04
0.15
0.45
3.0
3.20
3.04
0.15
0.41
3.1
3.20
3.04
0.15
0.40
3.2
3.20
3.04
0.15
0.37
3.3
3.20
3.04
0.15
0.36
3.4
3.20
3.04
0.15
0.32
3.5
3.20
3.04
0.15
0.32
L2
C2
1.85 nH
0.40 pF
L1
C1
2 nH
10 pF
Table 7. Device and Bond-Wire Characteristics
(Estimated)
Table 8. 28-Pin MQuad Package Characteristics
GA1088
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10
Additional Information
For latest specifications, additional product information,
worldwide sales and distribution locations, and information about TriQuint:
Web: www.triquint.com
Tel: (503) 615-9000
Email: sales@tqs.com
Fax: (503) 615-8900
For technical questions and additional information on specific applications:
Email: applications@tqs.com
The information provided herein is believed to be reliable; TriQuint assumes no liability for inaccuracies or
omissions. TriQuint assumes no responsibility for the use of this information, and all such information
shall be entirely at the user's own risk. Prices and specifications are subject to change without notice.
No patent rights or licenses to any of the circuits described herein are implied or granted to any third party.
TriQuint does not authorize or warrant any TriQuint product for use in life-support devices and/or systems.
Copyright 1997 TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc. All rights reserved.
Revision 1.1.A
November 1997
Ordering Information
To order, please specify as shown below:
GA1088-MC nnn
11-Output Configurable Clock Buffer
Propagation delay skew:
500
350 ps
500 ps
700
350 ps
700 ps
Temperature range: 0
C to 70
C (Commercial)
Package: MQuad
Note: All parts are marked as
MC500. MC700 parts have a "2"
added to the marking.
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