WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS DIVISION

For additional information and latest specifications, see our website:

www.triquint.com

Vdd

GIC

GND

50 ohm

LO INPUT

50 ohm

RF INPUT

OUT

Vdd

GND

Gain/IP3/current

adjustment

TQ5M31

DATA SHEET

3V Downconverter

Mixer IC

Features

Single 3V Operation

Adjustable Gain/IP3/Current

Low Current Operation

Few external components

SOT23-6 plastic package

High IP3

Broadband Performance

Applications

Cellular and PCS mobile applications

worldwide

Wireless data applications

GPS/ISM/ general purpose

Product Description

The TQ5M31 is a general purpose RFIC mixer downconverter designed for multiple
applications including worldwide cellular and PCS mobile phones, ISM bands, GPS
receivers, L band satellite terminals, WLAN and pagers. The TQ5M31 is usable for
applications with an RF frequency range from 500 to 2500 MHz, and an IF output
range from 45 to 500 MHz. The integrated circuit requires minimal off-chip
matching, while allowing for the maximum application flexibility. Low current drain
makes this part ideal for portable, battery operated applications. The output third
order intercept efficiency is very high.

Electrical Specifications

Parameter

Min

Typ

Max

Units

RF Frequency

500

2500

MHz

Conversion Gain

4.0

Noise Figure

8.5

Input 3

Order Intercept

9.0

dBm

DC supply Current

6.2

Note 1: Test Conditions: Vdd=2.8V, Ta=25C, RF=1960MHz, LO=1750MHz, IF=210MHz, LO input=-

4dBm

TQ5M31

Data Sheet

For additional information and latest specifications, see our website:

www.triquint.com

Electrical Characteristics

Parameter

Conditions

Min.

Typ/Nom

Max.

Units

RF Frequency

500

1960

2500

MHz

LO Frequency

600

1750

2700

MHz

IF Frequency

210

500

MHz

LO input level

-7

-4

dBm

Supply voltage

2.7

2.8

4.0

Conversion Gain

3.0

4.0

Input 3

Order Intercept

6.5

9.0

dBm

Supply Current

6.2

8.5

Note 1: Test Conditions (devices screened to the above test conditions): Vdd=2.8V, RF=1960MHz, LO=1750MHz, IF=210MHz, LO input=-4dBm, T

= 25

C, unless

otherwise specified.

Absolute Maximum Ratings

Parameter

Value

Units

DC Power Supply

5.0

Power Dissipation

100

Operating Temperature

-40 to 85

Storage Temperature

-60 to 150

Signal level on inputs/outputs

+20

dBm

Voltage to any non supply pin

+.3

TQ5M31
Data Sheet

For additional information and latest specifications, see our website:

www.triquint.com

Cellular Band Typical Electrical Characteristics

Parameter

Conditions

Min.

Typ/Nom

Max.

Units

Conversion Gain

3.5

Noise Figure

9.5

Input 3

Order Intercept

9.0

dBm

Return Loss

Mixer RF input

Mixer LO input

Isolation

RF to IF; after IF match
LO to IF; after IF match

33
40

dBm
dBm

IF Output Impedance

Mixer "On"
Mixer "Off"

500
<50

Supply Current

4.5

Note 1: Test Conditions: Vdd=2.8V, RF=881MHz, LO=991MHz, IF=85MHz, LO input=-4dBm, T

= 25

C, unless otherwise specified.

PCS Band Typical Electrical Characteristics

Parameter

Conditions

Min.

Typ/Nom

Max.

Units

Conversion Gain

4.0

Noise Figure

9.5

Input 3

Order Intercept

9.0

dBm

Return Loss

Mixer RF input
Mixer LO input

10
10

dB
dB

Isolation

RF to IF; after IF match
LO to IF; after IF match

33
40

dBm
dBm

IF Output Impedance

Mixer "On"

Mixer "Off"

500

<50

Supply Current

6.0

Note 1: Test Conditions: Vdd=2.8V, RF=1960MHz, LO=1750MHz, IF=210MHz, LO input=-4dBm, T

= 25

C, unless otherwise specified.

TQ5M31

Data Sheet

For additional information and latest specifications, see our website:

www.triquint.com

Typical Performance/Applications circuit for GIC tuning plots

Test Conditions (Unless Otherwise Specified): Vdd=2.8V, Ta=25C, RF=1960MHz, LO=1750MHz, IF=210MHz,Current

6mA, Gain

4dB, IIP3

+10dB

Vdd

GIC

GND

50 ohm LO

INPUT

50 ohm

INPUT

OUT

Vdd

Bill of Material for TQ5M31 Downconverter Mixer for GIC tuning plots

Component

Reference Designator

Part Number

Value

Size

Manufacturer

Receiver IC

TQ5M31

SOT23-6

TriQuint Semiconductor

Capacitor

470pF

0402

Capacitor

1000pF

0402

Capacitor

22pF

0402

Capacitor

27pF

0402

Capacitor

150 pF

0402

Inductor

2.2nH

0402

Inductor

39nH

0402

Resistor

R3, R4

Select

0402

Conversion Gain, Idd and IIP3 Vs Rbias

(Vdd = 2.8v, PLO = - 4dBm)

110 140 180 220 260 320

Rbias (ohms)

Performance

CG (dB)
Idd (mA)
IIP3 (dBm)

Performance Vs. Bypass DC Bias Resistance

(RF = 1960 MHz, Vdd = 2.8v, PLO = -4 dBm)

-6

-3

100 90

Variable bypass (R4), total resistance

(R3 +R4 = 103 ohm)

Performance

Gain (dB)
OIP3 (dBm)
IIP3 (dBm)

TQ5M31
Data Sheet

For additional information and latest specifications, see our website:

www.triquint.com

Cellular Band

Typical Performance/Applications circuit

Test Conditions (Unless Otherwise Specified): Vdd=2.8V, Ta=25C, RF=881MHz, LO=966MHz, LO input 4dBm, IF=85MHz,Current

9mA, Gain

9dB, IIP3

+10dB

Vdd

GIC

GND

50 ohm LO

INPUT

50 ohm

INPUT

OUT

Vdd

Bill of Material for TQ5M31 Downconverter Mixer Cellular band

Component

Reference Designator

Part Number

Value

Size

Manufacturer

Receiver IC

TQ5M31

SOT23-6

TriQuint Semiconductor

Capacitor

1000pF

0402

Capacitor

1000pF

0402

Capacitor

20pF

0402

Capacitor

22pF

0402

Capacitor

150pF

0402

Inductor

2.2nH

0402

Inductor

39nH

0402

Resistor

3.3ohm

0402

Resistor

39ohm

0402

Noise Figure vs. Temperature vs. Frequency

865

870

875

880

885

890

895

Frequency (MHz)

Noise Figure (dB)

-40 C
+25 C
+85 C

Input IP3 vs. Temperature vs. Frequency

865

870

875

880

885

890

895

Frequency (MHz)

IIP3 (dBm)

-40 C
+25 C
+85 C

TQ5M31

Data Sheet

For additional information and latest specifications, see our website:

www.triquint.com

Input IP3 vs. LO Drive vs. Frequency

865

870

875

880

885

890

895

Frequency (MHz)

IIP3 (dBm)

PLO = -7 dBm
PLO = -4 dBm
PLO = -1 dBm

Idd vs. Temperature vs. Frequency

3.5

4.5

5.5

865

870

875

880

885

890

895

Frequency (MHz)

Idd (mA)

-40 C
+25 C
+85 C

Idd vs. Vdd vs. Temperature

2.5

3.5

4.5

5.5

1.8

2.8

3.8

4.8

Vdd (v)

Idd (mA)

-40 C
+25 C
+85 C

Conversion Gain vs. Temperature vs. Frequency

865

870

875

880

885

890

895

Frequency (MHz)

Gain (dB)

-40 C
+25 C
+85 C

Conversion Gain vs. LO Drive vs. Frequency

865

870

875

880

885

890

895

Frequency (MHz)

Gain (dB)

PLO = -7 dBm
PLO = -4 dBm
PLO = -1 dBm

Conversion Gain vs. Vdd vs. Frequency

865

870

875

880

885

890

895

Frequency (MHz)

Gain (dB)

1.8 v

2.8 v

3.8 v

4.8 v

TQ5M31
Data Sheet

For additional information and latest specifications, see our website:

www.triquint.com

PCS Band

Typical Performance/Applications circuit

Test Conditions (Unless Otherwise Specified): Vdd=2.8V, Ta=25C, RF=1960MHz, LO=1750MHz, LO input 4dBm, IF=210MHz,Current

6mA, Gain

3dB, IIP3

+10dB

Vdd

GIC

GND

50 ohm LO

INPUT

50 ohm

INPUT

OUT

Vdd

Bill of Material for TQ5M31 Downconverter Mixer PCS band

Component

Reference Designator

Part Number

Value

Size

Manufacturer

Receiver IC

TQ5M31

SOT23-6

TriQuint Semiconductor

Capacitor

470pF

0402

Capacitor

1000pF

0402

Capacitor

22pF

0402

Capacitor

27pF

0402

Capacitor

150pF

0402

Inductor

2.2nH

0402

Inductor

39nH

0402

Resistor

12ohm

0402

Resistor

91ohm

0402

TQ5M31 Performance

1930

1940

1950

1960

1970

1980

1990

Frequency (MHz)

Performance

IP3_out (dBm)
IP3_in (dBm)
Idd (mA)
C/G(dB)

Conversion Gain vs. Temperature vs. Frequency

1930

1940

1950

1960

1970

1980

1990

Frequency (MHz)

Gain (dB)

-40 C

+25 C

+85 C

TQ5M31

Data Sheet

For additional information and latest specifications, see our website:

www.triquint.com

Conversion Gain vs. Vdd vs. Frequency

1940

1950

1960

1970

1980

1990

Frequency (MHz)

Gain (dB)

1.8 v

2.8 v

3.8 v

4.8 v

Conversion Gain vs. Vdd vs. Temperature

1.8

2.8

3.8

4.8

Vdd (v)

Gain (dB)

-40 C
+25 C
+85 C

Conversion Gain vs. LO Drive Level vs. Frequency

1930

1940

1950

1960

1970

1980

1990

Frequency (MHz)

Gain (dB)

PLO = -7 dBm
PLO = -4 dBm
PLO = -1 dBm

Noise Figure vs. Vdd vs.Temperature

1.8

2.8

3.8

4.8

Vdd (v)

NF (dB)

-40 C
+25 C
+85 C

Noise Figure vs. Temperature vs. Frequency

1930

1940

1950

1960

1970

1980

1990

Frequency (MHz)

Noise Figure (dB)

-40 C

+25 C

+85 C

Input IP3 vs. Temperature vs. Frequency

9.5

10.5

11.5

12.5

13.5

1930

1940

1950

1960

1970

1980

1990

Frequency (MHz)

IIP3 (dBm)

-40 C

+25 C

+85 C

TQ5M31
Data Sheet

For additional information and latest specifications, see our website:

www.triquint.com

Input IP3 vs. LO Drive Level vs. Frequency

1930

1940

1950

1960

1970

1980

1990

Frequency (MHz)

IIP3 (dBm)

PLO = -1 dBm
PLO = -4 dBm
PLO = -7 dBm

Input IP3 vs. Vdd vs. Temperature

1.8

2.8

3.8

4.8

Vdd (v)

IIP3 (dBm)

-40 C

+25 C

+85 C

Idd vs. Temperature vs. Frequency

1930

1940

1950

1960

1970

1980

1990

Frequency (MHz)

Idd (mA)

-40 C
+25 C
+85 C

Idd vs. Vdd vs. Temperature

5.5

6.5

7.5

1.8

2.8

3.8

4.8

Vdd (v)

Idd (mA)

-40 C

+25 C

+85 C

TQ5M31

Data Sheet

For additional information and latest specifications, see our website:

www.triquint.com

ISM Band

Typical Performance/Applications circuit

Test Conditions (Unless Otherwise Specified): Vdd=2.8V, Ta=25C, RF=2443MHz, LO=2203MHz, LO input 4dBm, IF=240MHz,Current

7mA, Gain

2.5dB, IIP3

+9dB

Vdd

GIC

GND

50 ohm LO

INPUT

50 ohm

INPUT

OUT

Vdd

Bill of Material for TQ5M31 Downconverter Mixer PCS band

Component

Reference Designator

Part Number

Value

Size

Manufacturer

Receiver IC

TQ5M31

SOT23-6

TriQuint Semiconductor

Capacitor

220pF

0402

Capacitor

1000pF

0402

Capacitor

12pF

0402

Capacitor

10pF

0402

Capacitor

150pF

0402

Inductor

1.8nH

0402

Inductor

47nH

0402

Resistor

20ohm

0402

Resistor

47ohm

0402

ISM Band: Idd vs. Vdd vs. Frequency

6.5

7.5

8.5

2400

2420

2440

2460

2480

Frequency (MHz)

Idd (mA)

Vdd=2.8V

Vdd=1.8V

Vdd=3.8V

Vdd=4.8V

ISM band: C/G vs. LO Drive vs. Frequency

1.5

1.7

1.9

2.1

2.3

2.5

2.7

2.9

3.1

3.3

3.5

2400

2420

2440

2460

2480

Frequency (MHz)

Converson Gian (dB)

PLO=-7dBm
PLO=-4dBm
PLO=-1dBm

TQ5M31

Data Sheet

For additional information and latest specifications, see our website:

www.triquint.com

General Description

TQ5M31 is a general purpose RFIC mixer downconverter
designed for multiple applications. The mixer is implemented
with a single common-source GaAs MESFET and is designed
to operate with supply voltages from 1.8 to 5 Volts. To use the
TQ5M31, tuning components must be selected for the LO
buffer amplifier and the mixer IF port. An external shunt
inductor on the output of the LO Buffer is needed to resonate
with on-chip capacitance to shape the frequency response
and roll off unwanted noise which might otherwise be injected
into the mixer. The "open-drain" IF output allows for flexibility
in matching to various IF frequencies and filter impedances.

Access to the GIC pin allows flexibility in Gain, Third Order
Intercept, and Power Supply Current. By configuring the GIC
pin with one or two external resistors and a capacitor, the part
can be used in a wide variety of wireless receiver systems.

The TQ5M31 is in a miniature, low cost, 6 lead package
(SOT-23-6). Total dimensions are 2.9 by 2.8 mm with a height
of 1.14 mm.

The LO and RF ports have internal DC blocking capacitors
and are internally matched to 50

. This simplifies the design

and keeps the number of external components to a minimum.

Applications

Please refer to the above applications circuit.

LO Buffer Tune (Pin 1)

The broadband input match of the LO buffer amplifier, may
cause thermal and induced noise at other frequencies to be
amplified and injected directly into the LO port of the mixer.
Noise at the IF frequency, and at (LO +/- IF) frequency will be
downconverted and emerge at the IF port, degrading the
downconverter noise figure.

The output node of the L0 buffer amplifier is brought out to Pin
1 and connected to a shunt inductor to ground. This inductor

is selected to resonate with internal capacitance at the L0
frequency in order to roll off out-of-band gain and improve
noise performance. This approach allows selectivity in the L0
buffer amplifier along with the ability to use the TQ5M31 with
multiple applications.

Calculation of Nominal L Value for LO pin

The proper inductor value must be determined during the
design phase. The internal capacitance at Pin 1 is
approximately 1 pF. Stray capacitance on the board
surrounding Pin 1 will add to the internal capacitance, so the
nominal value of inductance can be calculated, but must be
confirmed with measurements on a board approximating the
final layout.

TQ5M31

Ground

Ground Placement

is adjusted between

standard inductor values

Figure 3. LO Tuning

The inductor is selected to resonate with the total capacitance
at the LO frequency using the following equation:

(

)

where C

1.0

Verification of Proper LO Buffer Amp Tuning

Using a Network Analyzer

Procedure:

Connect port 1 of the network analyzer to the L0 input (Pin 3)
of the TQ5M31 with the source power set to -4 dBm. Connect
a coaxial probe to Port 2 of the network analyzer and attach
the probe approximately 0.1 inch away from either Pin 1 or the
inductor. The magnitude of S21 represents the LO buffer
frequency response (figure 4).

TQ5M31
Data Sheet

For additional information and latest specifications, see our website:

www.triquint.com

-30
-32
-34
-36
-38
-40
-42

S21 (dB)

1000

Frequency (MHz)

1100 1200

900

800

700

Figure 4. LO Buffer Response

The absolute value isn't important, since it depends on the
probe's distance from the pin (it is usually around -30 dB), but
the peak of the response should be centered in the middle of
the L0 frequency band. Increasing the inductance will lower
the center frequency, and vice versa.

GIC Pin (Pin 2)

To tune the TQ-5M31 to a specific Gain, IP3, and DC Current
configuration, the designer should follow these steps:

1] Choose the desired OIP3. The OIP3 should be less than
18dBm.

2] Determine how much current is required to achieve the
desired OIP3 from table 1. Data presented in these tables are
approximate. The designer is only to use these tables as a
guideline, keeping in mind that gain roll off will occur at higher
RF and IF frequencies.

3] From the same table, determine the required total
resistance for the GIC pin (R3+R4) in the figure below.

Table 1: OIP3 vs. total resistance (R3+R4)

OIP3 (dBm) Idd (mA) Resistance (ohms)

5.5

130

160

240

3.5

320

4] The designer should start with a "reasonably high"
capacitor for C7 bypass, typical value 150pF. For an IF in the
range of 85 to 210 Mhz, a 150 pF capacitor is acceptable.

5] Note that R3 is the unbypassed resistor on the GIC pin.
Since the total resistance for R3+R4 has been chosen, the
only parameter to decide is the ratio of R3 to R4. This ratio
determines the gain of the mixer. While keeping R3+R4
constant, decreasing R3 while increasing R4 will result in
more gain. For maximum gain, R3 can be replaced with a
wire, and all of the R3+R4 resistance would reside on R4.
This results in a single resistor in parallel with a capacitor on
the GIC pin. In general, most applications result in R4 >
R3. The designer can determine experimentally in very short
order which resistor configuration to use.

See performance curves, page 4, "GIC tuning plot".

GIC pin

6] After the components on the GIC pin have been
determined, the IF matching should be evaluated.

Mixer LO Port (Pin 3)

A common gate buffer amplifier between the LO port and the
mixer FET gate provides a good impedance for the VCO and
to allows operation at lower LO drive levels. The buffer
amplifier provides enough voltage gain to drive the gate of the
mixer FET while consuming very little current (~1mA).

Because of the good broadband 50

input impedance of the

buffer amplifier, and the internal DC blocking capacitor, the
user's VCO can be directly connected to the LO input via a
50

line with no additional components. The physical length

of this connection is not critical.

TQ5M31

Data Sheet

For additional information and latest specifications, see our website:

www.triquint.com

LO Power Level

The TQ5M31 performance is specified with an LO power of -4
dBm. However, satisfactory performance can be achieved
with LO drive levels in the range of -7 dBm to 0 dBm. Gain
and input IP3 can be traded off by varying the LO input power.
At lower LO drive levels, the gain increases and the input IP3
decreases or vise versa. DC current and output IP3 remain
approximately constant.

Mixer RF (Pin 4)

The Mixer RF port of the TQ-5M31 provides a good,
broadband match to 50 ohms over the entire RF frequency
range. This minimizes IF leakage, and more importantly,
prevents noise and unwanted signals at or near the IF
frequency from being injected and degrading noise
performance.

Ground (Pin 5)

Connect to an adequate RF and DC ground.

Mixer IF Port (Pin 6)

The Mixer IF output is an "open-drain" configuration, allowing
efficient matching to various filter types at various IF
frequencies. An optimum lumped-element matching network
must be designed for maximum power gain and output third
order intercept.

While tuning for the IF frequency, one has to consider the
source impedance of the IF Amplifier. The IF frequency can
be tuned from 45 to 500 MHz by varying component values of
the IF output circuit. Pin 6 also provides bias injection.

It is recommended that the value of C3 be kept between 12
and 20 pF to optimize the IF match. For good isolation, the
value of C4 should be no less than 22 pF. Decoupling
components for the power supply are included on the
evaluation board.

The decoupling components consist of a 10

resistor, and

0.01

F shunt capacitors. These components prevent reflected

noise or other spurious signals from leaking through the Vdd
line onto other ports.

In the user's application, the IF output is most commonly
connected to a narrow band SAW or crystal filter with
impedances from 300 -1000

with 1 - 2 pF of capacitance. A

conjugate match to the higher filter impedances is generally
less sensitive than matching to 50

. When verifying or

adjusting the matching circuit on the prototype circuit board,
the LO drive should be injected at Pin 3 at the nominal power
level (-4 dBm), since the LO level affects the IF port
impedance.

Suggested IF Matching Network

There are several networks that can be used to properly
match the IF port to the SAW or crystal IF filter. The mixer
supply voltage is applied through the IF port, so the matching
circuit topology must contain either an RF choke or shunt
inductor.

The shunt L, series C, shunt C configuration is the simplest
and requires the fewest

components. DC current can be

easily injected through the shunt inductor and the series C

provides a DC block, if needed. The shunt C, in particular can
be used to improve the return loss and to reduce the LO
leakage.

TQ5M31
Data Sheet

For additional information and latest specifications, see our website:

www.triquint.com

Package Pinout

MXR RF

MXR VDD-

LO Buffer

tune

MXR LO

MIX IF

Gain/IP3/

Current

adjust

GND

TQ5M31

Pin Descriptions

Pin Name

Pin #

Description and Usage

MXR Vdd

LO buffer supply voltage. Series inductor required for LO buffer tuning. Local bypass capacitor required.

GIC

Capacitor and resistor required for Gain/IP3/Current adjust.

MXR LO

DC blocked mixer LO input. Matched to 50

MXR RF

DC blocked mixer RF input. Matched to 50

GND

Ground connection. Very important to place multiple via holes immediately adjacent to the pins. Provides thermal path for
heat dissipation and RF grounding.

MXR IF

Mixer open drain IF output. Connection to Vdd required. External matching is required.

TQ5M31

Data Sheet

Additional Information

For latest specifications, additional product information, worldwide sales and distribution locations, and information about TriQuint:

Web: www.triquint.com

Tel: (503) 615-9000

Email: info_wireless@tqs.com

Fax: (503) 615-8900

For technical questions and additional information on specific applications:

Email: info_wireless@tqs.com

The information provided herein is believed to be reliable; TriQuint assumes no liability for inaccuracies or omissions. TriQuint assumes no responsibility for the use of
this information, and all such information shall be entirely at the user's own risk. Prices and specifications are subject to change without notice. No patent rights or
licenses to any of the circuits described herein are implied or granted to any third party.
TriQuint does not authorize or warrant any TriQuint product for use in life-support devices and/or systems.
Copyright © 1998 TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc. All rights reserved.
Revision D, March 26, 1999

For additional information and latest specifications, see our website:

www.triquint.com

Package Type: SOT23-6 Plastic Package

.110 IN

+ .008

.114 IN

+ .004

.003 IN

+ .003

.006 IN +.004

-.002

.037 IN

TYP

.016 IN

TYP

.064 IN

+ .004

0-3 Deg

.018 IN

+ .004

.049 IN
+ 0.008

All dimensions in inches.

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ÐÐ»ÐµÐºÑ‚Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ñ‹Ð¹ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð¾Ð½ÐµÐ½Ñ‚: TQ5M31