W78E516B

8-BIT MICROCONTROLLER

Publication Release Date: February 2000

- 1 - Revision A3

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The W78E516B is an 8-bit microcontroller which has an in-system programmable MTP-ROM for
firmware updating. The instruction set of the W78E516B is fully compatible with the standard 8052.
The W78E516B contains a 64K bytes of main MTP-ROM and a 4K bytes of auxiliary MTP-ROM
which allows the contents of the 64KB main MTP-ROM to be updated by the loader program located
at the 4KB auxiliary MTP-ROM; 512 bytes of on-chip RAM; four 8-bit bi-directional and bit-
addressable I/O ports; an additional 4-bit port P4; three 16-bit timer/counters; a serial port. These
peripherals are supported by a eight sources two-level interrupt capability. To facilitate programming
and verification, the MTP-ROM inside the W78E516B allows the program memory to be programmed
and read electronically. Once the code is confirmed, the user can protect the code for security.

The W78E516B microcontroller has two power reduction modes, idle mode and power-down mode,
both of which are software selectable. The idle mode turns off the processor clock but allows for
continued peripheral operation. The power-down mode stops the crystal oscillator for minimum power
consumption. The external clock can be stopped at any time and in any state without affecting the
processor.

FEATURES

Fully static design 8-bit CMOS microcontroller up to 40 MHz.

64K bytes of in-system programmable MTP-ROM for Application Program (APROM).

4K bytes of auxiliary MTP-ROM for Loader Program (LDROM).

512 bytes of on-chip RAM. (including 256 bytes of AUX-RAM, software selectable)

64K bytes program memory address space and 64K bytes data memory address space.

Four 8-bit bi-directional ports.

One 4-bit multipurpose programmable port.

Three 16-bit timer/counters

One full duplex serial port

Six-sources, two-level interrupt capability

Built-in power management

Code protection

Packaged in

DIP 40: W78E516B-24/40

PLCC 44: W78E516BP-24/40

W78E516B

- 2 -

PIN CONFIGURATIONS

VDD

P0.0, AD0

P0.1, AD1

P0.2, AD2

P0.3, AD3

P0.4, AD4

P0.5, AD5

P0.6, AD6

P0.7, AD7

EA
ALE

PSEN

P2.5, A13

P2.6, A14

P2.7, A15

P2.0, A8

P2.1, A9

P2.2, A10

P2.3, A11

P2.4, A12

T2, P1.0

40-pin DIP (W78E516B)

P1.2

P1.3

P1.4

P1.5

P1.6

RXD, P3.0
TXD, P3.1

P1.7

RST

INT0, P3.2

INT1, P3.3

T0, P3.4

T1, P3.5

WR, P3.6

RD, P3.7

XTAL1

XTAL2

VSS

T2EX, P1.1

44-pin PLCC (W78E516BP)

2 1 44 43 42 41

6 5

4 3

39
38

30
29

P1.5

P1.6

P1.7

RST

RXD, P3.0

TXD, P3.1

INT0, P3.2

INT1, P3.3

T0, P3.4

T1, P3.5

A
D
3
,
P
0
.
3

T
2
,
P
1
.
0

P
1
.
2

V
D
D

A
D
2
,
P
0
.
2

A
D
1
,
P
0
.
1

A
D
0
,
P
0
.
0

T
2
E
X
,
P
1
.
1

P
1
.
3

P
1
.
4

X
T
A
L
1

V
S
S

P
2
.
4
,
A
1
2

P
2
.
3
,
A
1
1

P
2
.
2
,
A
1
0

P
2
.
1
,
A
9

P
2
.
0
,
A
8

X
T
A
L
2

P
3
.
7
,
/
R
D

P
3
.
6
,
/
W
R

P0.4, AD4

P0.5, AD5

P0.6, AD6

P0.7, AD7

ALE

PSEN
P2.7, A15

P2.6, A14

P2.5, A13

P4.1

P
4
.
0

P4.3

P
4
.
2

W78E516B

Publication Release Date: February 2000

- 3 - Revision A3

PIN DESCRIPTION

SYMBOL TYPE

DESCRIPTIONS

EXTERNAL ACCESS ENABLE: This pin forces the processor to execute the
external ROM. The ROM address and data will not be presented on the bus if

the EA pin is high.

PSEN

O H PROGRAM STORE ENABLE: PSEN enables the external ROM data in the

Port 0 address/data bus. When internal ROM access is performed, no PSEN
strobe signal outputs originate from this pin.

ALE

O H ADDRESS LATCH ENABLE: ALE is used to enable the address latch that

separates the address from the data on Port 0. ALE runs at 1/6th of the
oscillator frequency.

RST

I L RESET: A high on this pin for two machine cycles while the oscillator is

running resets the device.

XTAL1

CRYSTAL 1: This is the crystal oscillator input. This pin may be driven by an
external clock.

XTAL2

CRYSTAL 2: This is the crystal oscillator output. It is the inversion of XTAL1.

GROUND: ground potential.

POWER SUPPLY: Supply voltage for operation.

P0.0

P0.7

I/O D PORT 0: Function is the same as that of standard 8052.

P1.0

P1.7

I/O H PORT 1: Function is the same as that of standard 8052.

P2.0

P2.7

I/O H PORT 2: Port 2 is a bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups. This port also

provides the upper address bits for accesses to external memory.

P3.0

P3.7

I/O H PORT 3: Function is the same as that of the standard 8052.

P4.0

P4.3

I/O H PORT 4: A bi-directional I/O. See details below.

* Note:

TYPE I: input, O: output, I/O: bi-directional, H: pull-high, L: pull-low, D: open drain

PORT4

Another bit-addressable port P4 is also available and only 4 bits (P4<3:0>) can be used. This port
address is located at 0D8H with the same function as that of port P1,

Example:

P4 REG 0D8H

MOV P4, #0AH ; Output data "A" through P4.0

P4.3.

MOV A, P4 ; Read P4 status to Accumulator.

SETB P4.0 ; Set bit P4.0

CLR P4.1 ; Clear bit P4.1

W78E516B

- 4 -

BLOCK DIAGRAM

P3.0

P3.7

P1.0

P1.7

ALU

Port 0

Latch

Port 1

Latch

Timer

Port

UART

XTAL1

PSEN

ALE

Vss

VCC

RST

XTAL2

Oscillator

Interrupt

PSW

Instruction

Decoder

Sequencer

Reset Block

Bus & Clock

Controller

SFR RAM

Address

Power control

512 bytes

RAM & SFR

Stack

Pointer

Addr. Reg.

Incrementor

DPTR

Temp Reg.

ACC

Port 3

Latch

Port 4

Latch

Port

Port 2

Latch

P4.0

P4.3

Port

Port
0

Port
2

P2.0

P2.7

P0.0

P0.7

64KB

MTP-ROM

4KB

MTP-ROM

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

The W78E516B architecture consists of a core controller surrounded by various registers, four
general purpose I/O ports, one special purpose programmable 4-bits I/O port, 512 bytes of RAM,
three timer/counters, a serial port and an internal 74373 latch and 74244 buffer which can be
switched to port2. The processor supports 111 different opcodes and references both a 64K program
address space and a 64K data storage space.

RAM

The internal data RAM in the W78E516B is 512 bytes. It is divided into two banks: 256 bytes of
scratchpad RAM and 256 bytes of AUX-RAM. These RAMs are addressed by different ways.

RAM 0H

127H can be addressed directly and indirectly as the same as in 8051. Address pointers

are R0 and R1 of the selected register bank.

RAM 128H

255H can only be addressed indirectly as the same as in 8051. Address pointers are

R0, R1 of the selected registers bank.

W78E516B

Publication Release Date: February 2000

- 5 - Revision A3

AUX-RAM 0H

255H is addressed indirectly as the same way to access external data memory with

the MOVX instruction. Address pointer are R0 and R1 of the selected register bank and DPTR
register. An access to external data memory locations higher than 255H will be performed with the
MOVX instruction in the same way as in the 8051. The AUX-RAM is disable after a reset. Setting
the bit 4 in CHPCON register will enable the access to AUX-RAM. When AUX-RAM is enabled the
instructions of "MOVX @Ri" will always access to on-chip AUX-RAM. When executing from internal

program memory, an access to AUX-RAM will not affect the Ports P0, P2, WR and RD .

Timers 0, 1, and 2

Timers 0, 1, and 2 each consist of two 8-bit data registers. These are called TL0 and TH0 for Timer
0, TL1 and TH1 for Timer 1, and TL2 and TH2 for Timer 2. The TCON and TMOD registers provide
control functions for timers 0, 1. The T2CON register provides control functions for Timer 2. RCAP2H
and RCAP2L are used as reload/capture registers for Timer 2. The operations of Timer 0 and Timer
1 are the same as in the W78C51. Timer 2 is a 16-bit timer/counter that is configured and controlled
by the T2CON register. Like Timers 0 and 1, Timer 2 can operate as either an external event counter
or as an internal timer, depending on the setting of bit C/T2 in T2CON. Timer 2 has three operating
modes: capture, auto-reload, and baud rate generator. The clock speed at capture or auto-reload
mode is the same as that of Timers 0 and 1.

Clock

The W78E516B is designed with either a crystal oscillator or an external clock. Internally, the clock is
divided by two before it is used by default. This makes the W78E516B relatively insensitive to duty
cycle variations in the clock.

Crystal Oscillator

The W78E516B incorporates a built-in crystal oscillator. To make the oscillator work, a crystal must
be connected across pins XTAL1 and XTAL2. In addition, a load capacitor must be connected from
each pin to ground, and a resistor must also be connected from XTAL1 to XTAL2 to provide a DC
bias when the crystal frequency is above 24 MHz.

External Clock

An external clock should be connected to pin XTAL1. Pin XTAL2 should be left unconnected. The
XTAL1 input is a CMOS-type input, as required by the crystal oscillator. As a result, the external clock
signal should have an input one level of greater than 3.5 volts.

Power Management

Idle Mode
Setting the IDL bit in the PCON register enters the idle mode. In the idle mode, the internal clock to
the processor is stopped. The peripherals and the interrupt logic continue to be clocked. The
processor will exit idle mode when either an interrupt or a reset occurs.
Power-down Mode

When the PD bit in the PCON register is set, the processor enters the power-down mode. In this
mode all of the clocks are stopped, including the oscillator. To exit from power-down mode is by a

hardware reset or external interrupts INT0 to INT1 when enabled and set to level triggered.

Reduce EMI Emission

The W78E516B allows user to diminish the gain of on-chip oscillator amplifier by using programmer

W78E516B

- 6 -

to clear the B7 bit of security register. Once B7 is set to 0, a half of gain will be decreased. Care must
be taken if user attempts to diminish the gain of oscillator amplifier, reducing a half of gain may affect
the external crystal operating improperly at high frequency above 24 MHz. The value of R and C1, C2
may need some adjustment while running at lower gain.

Reset

The external RESET signal is sampled at S5P2. To take effect, it must be held high for at least two
machine cycles while the oscillator is running. An internal trigger circuit in the reset line is used to
deglitch the reset line when the W78E516B is used with an external RC network. The reset logic also
has a special glitch removal circuit that ignores glitches on the reset line. During reset, the ports are
initialized to FFH, the stack pointer to 07H, PCON (with the exception of bit 4) to 00H, and all of the
other SFR registers except SBUF to 00H. SBUF is not reset.

W78E516B Special Function Registers (SFRs) and Reset Values

00000000

CHPENR

00000000

+ACC

00000000

+P4

xxxx1111

+PSW

00000000

+T2CON

00000000

RCAP2L

00000000

RCAP2H

00000000

TL2

00000000

TH2

00000000

XICON

00000000

SFRAL

00000000

SFRAH

00000000

SFRFD

00000000

SFRCN

00000000

+IP

00000000

CHPCON
0xx00000

+P3

00000000

+IE

00000000

+P2

11111111

+SCON

00000000

SBUF

xxxxxxxx

+P1

11111111

+TCON

00000000

TMOD

00000000

TL0

00000000

TL1

00000000

TH0

00000000

TH1

00000000

+P0

11111111

00000111

DPL

00000000

DPH

00000000

PCON

00110000

Notes:

1.The SFRs marked with a plus sign(+) are both byte- and bit-addressable.

2. The text of SFR with bold type characters are extension function registers.

W78E516B

Publication Release Date: February 2000

- 7 - Revision A3

Port 4 (D8H)

BIT

NAME

FUNCTION

Reserve

P43

Port 4 Data bit which outputs to pin P4.3.

P42

Port 4 Data bit. which outputs to pin P4.2.

P41

Port 4 Data bit. which outputs to pin P4.1.

P40

Port 4 Data bit which outputs to pin P4.0.

In-System Programming (ISP) Mode

The W78E516B equips one 64K byte of main MTP-ROM bank for application program (called
APROM) and one 4K byte of auxiliary MTP-ROM bank for loader program (called LDROM). In the
normal operation, the microcontroller executes the code in the APROM. If the content of APROM
needs to be modified, the W78E516B allows user to activate the In-System Programming (ISP) mode
by setting the CHPCON register. The CHPCON is read-only by default, software must write two
specific values 87H, then 59H sequentially to the CHPENR register to enable the CHPCON
write attribute. Writing CHPENR register with the values except 87H and 59H will close
CHPCON register write attribute. The W78E516B achieves all in-system programming operations
including enter/exit ISP Mode, program, erase, read ... etc, during device in the idle mode. Setting the
bit CHPCON.0 the device will enter in-system programming mode after a wake-up from idle mode.
Because device needs proper time to complete the ISP operations before awaken from idle mode,
software may use timer interrupt to control the duration for device wake-up from idle mode. To
perform ISP operation for revising contents of APROM, software located at APROM setting the
CHPCON register then enter idle mode, after awaken from idle mode the device executes the
corresponding interrupt service routine in LDROM. Because the device will clear the program counter
while switching from APROM to LDROM, the first execution of RETI instruction in interrupt service
routine will jump to 00H at LDROM area. The device offers a software reset for switching back to
APROM while the content of APROM has been updated completely. Setting CHPCON register bit 0,
1 and 7 to logic-1 will result a software reset to reset the CPU. The software reset serves as a
external reset. This in-system programming feature makes the job easy and efficient in which the
application needs to update firmware frequently. In some applications, the in-system programming
feature make it possible to easily update the system firmware without opening the chassis.

SFRAH, SFRAL:

The objective address of on-chip MTP-ROM in the in-system programming mode.

SFRFAH contains the high-order byte of address, SFRFAL contains the low-order
byte of address.

SFRFD:

The programming data for on-chip MTP-ROM in programming mode.

SFRCN:

The control byte of on-chip MTP-ROM programming mode.

W78E516B

- 8 -

SFRCN (C7)

BIT

NAME

FUNCTION

Reserve.

WFWIN On-chip MTP-ROM bank select for in-system programming.

= 0: 64K bytes MTP-ROM bank is selected as destination for re-programming.

= 1: 4K bytes MTP-ROM bank is selected as destination for re-programming.

OEN

MTP-ROM output enable.

CEN

MTP-ROM chip enable.

3, 2, 1, 0 CTRL[3:0] The flash control signals

MODE

WFWIN CTRL<3:0> OEN CEN SFRAH, SFRAL SFRFD

Erase 64KB APROM

0010

Program 64KB APROM

0001

Address in

Data in

Read 64KB APROM

0000

Address in

Data out

Erase 4KB LDROM

0010

Program 4KB LDROM

0001

Address in

Data in

Read 4KB LDROM

0000

Address in

Data out

In-System Programming Control Register (CHPCON)

CHPCON (BFH)

BIT

NAME

FUNCTION

SWRESET

(F04KMODE)

When this bit is set to 1, and both FBOOTSL and FPROGEN are set to 1. It
will enforce microcontroller reset to initial condition just like power on reset.
This action will re-boot the microcontroller and start to normal operation. To
read this bit in logic-1 can determine that the F04KBOOT mode is running.

Reserve.

ENAUXRAM

1: Enable on-chip AUX-RAM.

0: Disable the on-chip AUX-RAM

Must set to 0.

FBOOTSL The Program Location Select.

0: The Loader Program locates at the 64 KB APROM. 4KB LDROM is
destination for re-programming.

1: The Loader Program locates at the 4 KB memory bank. 64KB APROM is
destination for re-programming.

W78E516B

Publication Release Date: February 2000

- 9 - Revision A3

CHPCON (BFH), continued

BIT

NAME

FUNCTION

FPROGEN MTP-ROM Programming Enable.

= 1: enable. The microcontroller enter the in-system programming mode after
entering the idle mode and wake-up from interrupt. During in-system
programming mode, the operation of erase, program and read are
achieve when device enters idle mode.
= 0: disable. The on-chip flash memory is read-only. In-system
programmability is disabled.

F04KBOOT Mode (Boot From LDROM)

By default, the W78E516B boots from APROM program after a power on reset. On some occasions,
user can force the W78E516B to boot from the LDROM program via following settings

The possible

situation that you need to enter F04KBOOT mode when the APROM program can not run properly
and device can not jump back to LDROM to execute in-system programming function. Then you can
use this F04KBOOT mode to force the W78E516B jumps to LDROM and executes in-system
programming procedure. When you design your system, you may reserve the pins P2.6, P2.7 to
switches or jumpers. For example in a CD-ROM system, you can connect the P2.6 and P2.7 to PLAY
and EJECT buttons on the panel. When the APROM program fails to execute the normal application
program. User can press both two buttons at the same time and then turn on the power of the
personal computer to force the W78E516B to enter the F04KBOOT mode. After power on of personal
computer, you can release both buttons and finish the in-system programming procedure to update

the APROM code.

In application system design, user must take care of the P2, P3, ALE, EA and

PSEN pin value at reset to prevent from accidentally activating the programming mode or

F04KBOOT mode.

F04KBOOT MODE

P4.3 P2.7 P2.6

MODE

FO4KBOOT

P2.7

P2.6

RST

30 mS

Hi-Z

The Reset Timing For Entering

F04KBOOT Mode

10 mS

Hi-Z

W78E516B

- 10 -

START

The Algorithm of In-System Programming

Enter In-System

Programming Mode ?

(conditions depend on

user's application)

Setting control registers

MOV CHPENR,#87H
MOV CHPENR,#59H

MOV CHPCON,#03H

Setting Timer (about 1.5 us)

and enable timer interrupt

Start Timer and enter idle Mode.

(CPU will be wakened from idle mode

by timer interrupt, then enter In-System

Programming mode)

Execute the normal application

program

Yes

END

CPU will be wakened by interrupt and

re-boot from 4KB LDROM to execute

the loader program.

Part 1:64KB APROM

procedure of entering

In-System Programming Mode

W78E516B

Publication Release Date: February 2000

- 11 - Revision A3

Part 2: 4KB LDROM

Procedure of Updating

the 64KB APROM

Timer Interrupt Service Routine:

Stop Timer & disable interrupt

Is F04KBOOT Mode?

(CHPCON.7=1)

Reset the CHPCON Register:

MOV CHPENR,#87H

MOV CHPENR,#59H
MOV CHPCON,#03H

Yes

Setting Timer and enable Timer

interrupt for wake-up .

(15 ms for erasing operation)

Setting erase operation mode:

MOV SFRCN,#22H

(Erase 64KB APROM)

Start Timer and enter IDLE

Mode.

(Erasing...)

End of erase

operation. CPU will

be wakened by Timer

interrupt.

PGM

Setting Timer and enable Timer

interrupt for wake-up .

(50us for program operation)

End of Programming ?

Get the parameters of new code

(Address and data bytes)

through I/O ports, UART or

other interfaces.

Is currently in the

F04KBOOT Mode ?

Setting control registers for

programming:

MOV SFRAH,#ADDRESS_H
MOV SFRAL,#ADDRESS_L
MOV SFRFD,#DATA
MOV SFRCN,#21H

Software reset CPU and
re-boot from the 64KB
APROM.

MOV CHPENR,#87H
MOV CHPENR,#59H
MOV CHPCON,#83H

END

Executing new code

from address

00H in the 64KB APROM.

Hardware Reset
to re-boot from

new 64 KB APROM.

(S/W reset is

invalid in F04KBOOT

Mode)

Yes

W78E516B

- 12 -

SECURITY

During the on-chip MTP-ROM programming mode, the MTP-ROM can be programmed and verified
repeatedly. Until the code inside the MTP-ROM is confirmed OK, the code can be protected. The
protection of MTP-ROM and those operations on it are described below.

The W78E516B has several Special Setting Registers, including the Security Register and
Company/Device ID Registers, which can not be accessed in programming mode. Those bits of the
Security Registers can not be changed once they have been programmed from high to low. They can
only be reset through erase-all operation. The contents of the Company ID and Device ID registers
have been set in factory. The Security Register is located at the 0FFFFH of the LDROM space.

B0: Lock bit, logic 0: active

B1: MOVC inhibit,

logic 0: the MOVC instruction in external memory

cannot access the code in internal memory.

logic 1: no restriction.

Default 1 for all security bits.

Special Setting Registers

Company ID (#DAH)

D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0

Device ID (#62H)

Security Bits

4KB MTP ROM

Program Memory

Reserved

Security Register

FFFFh

0000h

0FFFh

Reserved

B2: Encryption

logic 0: the encryption logic enable
logic 1: the encryption logic disable

Reserved bits must be kept in logic 1.

B07: Osillator Control

logic 0: 1/2 gain
logic 1: Full gain

LDROM

Reserved

64KB MTP ROM

Program Memory

APROM

Lock bit

This bit is used to protect the customer's program code in the W78E516B. It may be set after the
programmer finishes the programming and verifies sequence. Once this bit is set to logic 0, both the
MTP ROM data and Special Setting Registers can not be accessed again.

MOVC Inhibit

This bit is used to restrict the accessible region of the MOVC instruction. It can prevent the MOVC
instruction in external program memory from reading the internal program code. When this bit is set
to logic 0, a MOVC instruction in external program memory space will be able to access code only in
the external memory, not in the internal memory. A MOVC instruction in internal program memory
space will always be able to access the ROM data in both internal and external memory. If this bit is
logic 1, there are no restrictions on the MOVC instruction.

Encryption

This bit is used to enable/disable the encryption logic for code protection. Once encryption feature is
enabled, the data presented on port 0 will be encoded via encryption logic. Only whole chip erase will
reset this bit.

W78E516B

Publication Release Date: February 2000

- 13 - Revision A3

Oscillator Control

W78E516B/E516 allow user to diminish the gain of on-chip oscillator amplifier by using programmer
to set the bit B7 of security register. Once B7 is set to 0, a half of gain will be decreased. Care must
be taken if user attempts to diminish the gain of oscillator amplifier, reducing a half of gain may
improperly affect the external crystal operation at high frequency above 24 MHz. The value of R and
C1, C2 may need some adjustment while running at lower gain.

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

PARAMETER

SYMBOL

MIN.

MAX.

UNIT

DC Power Supply

-0.3

+6.0

Input Voltage

-0.3

+0.3

Operating Temperature

Storage Temperature

-55

+150

Note: Exposure to conditions beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may adversely affect the life and reliability of the
device.

D.C. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

-V

= 5V

10%, T

= 25

C, Fosc = 20 MHz, unless otherwise specified.)

PARAMETER

SYM.

SPECIFICATION

TEST CONDITIONS

MIN.

MAX.

UNIT

Operating Voltage

4.5

5.5

RST = 1, P0 = V

Operating Current

No load

= 5.5V

Idle Current

IDLE

Idle mode

= 5.5V

Power Down Current

PWDN

Power-down mode

= 5.5V

Input Current

P1, P2, P3, P4

IN1

-50

+10

= 5.5V

= 0V or V

Input Current

RST

IN2

-10

+300

= 5.5V

0< V

Input Leakage Current

P0, EA

-10

+10

= 5.5V

0V< V

< V

Logic 1 to 0 Transition Current

P1, P2, P3, P4

[*4]

-500

= 5.5V

= 2.0V

Input Low Voltage

P0, P1, P2, P3, P4, EA

IL1

0.8

= 4.5V

W78E516B

- 14 -

D.C. Electrical Characteristics, continued

PARAMETER

SYM.

SPECIFICATION

TEST CONDITIONS

MIN.

MAX.

UNIT

Input Low Voltage

RST

IL2

0.8

= 4.5V

Input Low Voltage

XTAL1

[*4]

IL3

0.8

= 4.5V

Input High Voltage

P0, P1, P2,

P3, P4, EA

IH1

2.4

+0.2

= 5.5V

Input High Voltage

RST

IH2

3.5

+0.2

= 5.5V

Input High Voltage

XTAL1

[*4]

IH3

3.5

+0.2

= 5.5V

Output Low Voltage

P1, P2, P3, P4

OL1

0.45

= 4.5V

= +2 mA

Output Low Voltage

P0, ALE, PSEN

[*3]

OL2

0.45

= 4.5V

= +4 mA

Sink Current

P1, P3, P4

Isk1

= 4.5V

= 0.45V

Sink Current

P0, P2, ALE, PSEN

Isk2

= 4.5V

= 0.45V

Output High Voltage

P1, P2, P3, P4

OH1

2.4

= 4.5V

= -100

Output High Voltage

P0, ALE, PSEN

[*3]

OH2

2.4

= 4.5V

= -400

Source Current

P1, P2, P3, P4

Isr1

-120

-250

= 4.5V

= 2.4V

Source Current

P0, P2, ALE, PSEN

Isr2

-8

-20

= 4.5V

= 2.4V

Notes:

*1. RST pin is a Schmitt trigger input.

*3. P0, ALE and PSEN are tested in the external access mode.

*4. XTAL1 is a CMOS input.

*5. Pins of P1, P2, P3 , P4 can source a transition current when they are being externally driven from 1 to 0. The transition current
reaches its maximum value when V

approximates to 2V.

W78E516B

Publication Release Date: February 2000

- 15 - Revision A3

AC CHARACTERISTICS

The AC specifications are a function of the particular process used to manufacture the part, the
ratings of the I/O buffers, the capacitive load, and the internal routing capacitance. Most of the
specifications can be expressed in terms of multiple input clock periods (T

), and actual parts will

usually experience less than a

20 nS variation. The numbers below represent the performance

expected from a 0.6 micron CMOS process when using 2 and 4 mA output buffers.

Clock Input Waveform

XTAL1

OP,

PARAMETER

SYMBOL

MIN.

TYP. MAX.

UNIT

NOTES

Operating Speed

Fop

MHz

Clock Period

TCP

Clock High

Tch

Clock Low

Tcl

Notes:
1. The clock may be stopped indefinitely in either state.
2. The T

specification is used as a reference in other specifications.

3. There are no duty cycle requirements on the XTAL1 input.

Program Fetch Cycle

PARAMETER

SYMBOL

MIN.

TYP.

MAX.

UNIT

NOTES

Address Valid to ALE Low

AAS

1 T

Address Hold from ALE Low

AAH

1 T

1, 4

ALE Low to

PSEN

Low

APL

1 T

PSEN

Low to Data Valid

PDA

2 T

Data Hold after PSEN High

PDH

1 T

Data Float after PSEN High

PDZ

1 T

ALE Pulse Width

ALW

2 T

PSEN Pulse Width

PSW

3 T

Notes:
1. P0.0

P0.7, P2.0

P2.7 remain stable throughout entire memory cycle.

2. Memory access time is 3 T

3. Data have been latched internally prior to PSEN going high.
4. "

" (due to buffer driving delay and wire loading) is 20 nS.

W78E516B

- 16 -

Data Read Cycle

PARAMETER

SYMBOL

MIN.

TYP.

MAX.

UNIT

NOTES

ALE Low to RD Low

DAR

3 T

CP+

1, 2

RD Low to Data Valid

DDA

4 T

Data Hold from RD High

DDH

2 T

Data Float from RD High

DDZ

2 T

RD Pulse Width

DRD

6 T

Notes:

1. Data memory access time is 8 T

2. "

" (due to buffer driving delay and wire loading) is 20 nS.

Data Write Cycle

PARAMETER

SYMBOL

MIN.

TYP.

MAX.

UNIT

ALE Low to WR Low

DAW

3 T

Data Valid to WR Low

DAD

1 T

Data Hold from WR High

DWD

1 T

WR Pulse Width

DWR

6 T

Note: "

" (due to buffer driving delay and wire loading) is 20 nS.

Port Access Cycle

PARAMETER

SYMBOL

MIN.

TYP.

MAX.

UNIT

Port Input Setup to ALE Low

PDS

1 TCP

Port Input Hold from ALE Low

PDH

Port Output to ALE

PDA

1 TCP

Note: Ports are read during S5P2, and output data becomes available at the end of S6P2. The timing data are referenced to
ALE, since it provides a convenient reference.

W78E516B

Publication Release Date: February 2000

- 19 - Revision A3

TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUIT

Expanded External Program Memory and Crystal

AD0

A10

A11

A12

A13

A14

A15

27512

AD0

74LS373

AD0

XTAL1

XTAL2

RST

INT0

INT1

P1.0

P1.1

P1.2

P1.3

P1.4

P1.5

P1.6

P1.7

39
38
37

36
35
34

33
32

21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28

P0.0
P0.1
P0.2
P0.3
P0.4
P0.5
P0.6
P0.7

P2.0
P2.1
P2.2
P2.3
P2.4
P2.5
P2.6
P2.7

PSEN

ALE

TXD

RXD

W78E516B

10 u

8.2 K

CRYSTAL

AD1
AD2
AD3
AD4
AD5
AD6

AD7

AD1
AD2
AD3
AD4
AD5
AD6
AD7

GND

A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6

A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
A9

AD1
AD2
AD3
AD4
AD5
AD6
AD7

A10
A11
A12
A13
A14
A15

GND

A9
A10
A11
A12
A13
A14
A15

Figure A

CRYSTAL

6 MHz

47P

16 MHz

30P

24 MHz

15P

10P

32 MHz

10P

6.8K

40 MHz

4.7K

Above table shows the reference values for crystal applications.

Notes:

1. C1, C2, R components refer to Figure A

2. Crystal layout must get close to XTAL1 and XTAL2 pins on user's application board.

W78E516B

- 20 -

Tipical Application Circuit, continued

Expanded External Data Memory and Oscillator

10 u

8.2 K

OSCILLATOR

XTAL1

XTAL2

RST

INT0

INT1

P1.0

P1.1

P1.2

P1.3

P1.4

P1.5

P1.6

P1.7

P0.0

P0.1

P0.2

P0.3

P0.4

P0.5

P0.6

P0.7

P2.0

P2.1

P2.2

P2.3

P2.4

P2.5

P2.6

P2.7

PSEN

ALE

TXD

RXD

W78E516B

AD0

AD1
AD2
AD3
AD4
AD5
AD6

AD7

AD0
AD1
AD2
AD3
AD4
AD5
AD6

AD7

A0
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7

74LS373

A0
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7

9
8
7
6
5
4
3

A0
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7

AD0

AD1
AD2
AD3
AD4
AD5
AD6
AD7

11
12
13
15
16
17
18
19

D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7

A8
A9
A10
A11
A12
A13
A14

25
24
21
23

A8
A9
A10
A11

A12
A13
A14

GND

A8
A9
A10
A11
A12
A13

A14

GND

22
27

20256

Figure B

W78E516B

Publication Release Date: February 2000

- 21 - Revision A3

PACKAGE DIMENSIONS

40-pin DIP

Seating Plane

1. Dimension D Max. & S include mold flash or

tie bar burrs.

2. Dimension E1 does not include interlead flash.
3. Dimension D & E1 include mold mismatch and

are determined at the mold parting line.

6. General appearance spec. should be based on

final visual inspection spec.

1.372

1.219

0.054

0.048

Notes:

Symbol

Min. Nom.

Max.

Nom.

Min.

Dimension in inch

Dimension in mm

0.050

1.27

0.210

5.334

0.010

0.150

0.016

0.155

0.018

0.160

0.022

3.81

0.406

0.254

3.937

0.457

4.064

0.559

0.008

0.120

0.670

0.010

0.130

0.014

0.140

0.203

3.048

0.254

3.302

0.356

3.556

0.540

0.550

0.545

13.72

13.97

13.84

17.01

15.24

14.986

15.494

0.600

0.590

0.610

2.286

2.54

2.794

0.090

0.100

0.110

2.055

2.070

52.20

52.58

0.090

2.286

0.650

0.630

16.00

16.51

protrusion/intrusion.

4. Dimension B1 does not include dambar

5. Controlling dimension: Inches.

Base Plane

44-pin PLCC

Seating Plane

Symbol

Min. Nom.

Max.

Nom.

Min.

Dimension in inch

Dimension in mm

b
c
D

Notes:

on final visual inspection spec.

4. General appearance spec. should be based

3. Controlling dimension: Inches

protrusion/intrusion.

2. Dimension b1 does not include dambar

flash.

1. Dimension D & E do not include interlead

0.020

0.145

0.026

0.016

0.008

0.648

0.590

0.680

0.090

0.150

0.028

0.018

0.010

0.653

0.610

0.690

0.100

0.050

BSC

0.185

0.155

0.032

0.022

0.014

0.658

0.630

0.700

0.110

0.004

0.508

3.683

0.66

0.406

0.203

16.46

14.99

17.27

2.296

3.81

0.711

0.457

0.254

16.59

15.49

17.53

2.54

1.27

4.699

3.937

0.813

0.559

0.356

16.71

16.00

17.78

2.794

0.10

BSC

16.71

16.59

16.46

0.658

0.653

0.648

16.00

15.49

14.99

0.630

0.610

0.590

17.78

17.53

17.27

0.700

0.690

0.680

W78E516B

- 22 -

Application Note: In-system Programming Software Examples

This application note illustrates the in-system programmability of the Winbond W78E516B MTP-ROM
microcontroller. In this example, microcontroller will boot from 64 KB APROM bank and waiting for a
key to enter in-system programming mode for re-programming the contents of 64 KB APROM. While
entering in-system programming mode, microcontroller executes the loader program in 4KB LDROM
bank. The loader program erases the 64 KB APROM then reads the new code data from external
SRAM buffer (or through other interfaces) to update the 64KB APROM.

EXAMPLE 1:
;*******************************************************************************************************************
;* Example of 64K APROM program: Program will scan the P1.0. if P1.0 = 0, enters in-system
;* programming mode for updating the content of APROM code else executes the current ROM code.
;* XTAL = 40 MHz
;*******************************************************************************************************************

.chip 8052
.RAMCHK OFF
.symbols

CHPCON EQU BFH
CHPENR EQU F6H
SFRAL EQU C4H
SFRAH EQU C5H
SFRFD EQU C6H
SFRCN EQU C7H

ORG 0H
LJMP 100H ; JUMP TO MAIN PROGRAM
;************************************************************************
;* TIMER0 SERVICE VECTOR ORG = 000BH
;************************************************************************
ORG 00BH
CLR TR0 ; TR0 = 0, STOP TIMER0
MOV TL0,R6
MOV TH0,R7
RETI
;************************************************************************
;* 64K APROM MAIN PROGRAM
;************************************************************************
ORG 100H

MAIN_64K:

MOV A,P1 ; SCAN P1.0
ANL A,#01H
CJNE A,#01H,PROGRAM_64K ; IF P1.0 = 0, ENTER IN-SYSTEM PROGRAMMING MODE
JMP NORMAL_MODE

PROGRAM_64K:

MOV CHPENR,#87H ; CHPENR = 87H, CHPCON REGISTER WRTE ENABLE
MOV CHPENR,#59H ; CHPENR = 59H, CHPCON REGISTER WRITE ENABLE
MOV CHPCON,#03H ; CHPCON = 03H, ENTER IN-SYSTEM PROGRAMMING MODE
MOV TCON,#00H ; TR = 0 TIMER0 STOP
MOV IP,#00H ; IP = 00H
MOV IE,#82H ; TIMER0 INTERRUPT ENABLE FOR WAKE-UP FROM IDLE MODE
MOV R6,#FEH ; TL0 = FEH

W78E516B

Publication Release Date: February 2000

- 23 - Revision A3

MOV R7,#FFH ; TH0 = FFH
MOV TL0,R6
MOV TH0,R7
MOV TMOD,#01H ; TMOD = 01H, SET TIMER0 A 16-BIT TIMER
MOV TCON,#10H ; TCON = 10H, TR0 = 1,GO
MOV PCON,#01H ; ENTER IDLE MODE FOR LAUNCHING THE IN-SYSTEM

; PROGRAMMABILITY

;********************************************************************************

;* Normal mode 64KB APROM program: depending user's application

;********************************************************************************

NORMAL_MODE:

. ; User's application program

EXAMPLE 2:

;*****************************************************************************************************************************
;* Example of 4KB LDROM program: This lorder program will erase the 64KB APROM first, then reads the new
;* code from external SRAM and program them into 64KB APROM bank. XTAL = 40 MHz

;*****************************************************************************************************************************

.chip 8052
.RAMCHK OFF
.symbols

CHPCON EQU BFH
CHPENR EQU F6H
SFRAL EQU C4H
SFRAH EQU C5H
SFRFD EQU C6H
SFRCN EQU C7H

ORG 000H
LJMP 100H ; JUMP TO MAIN PROGRAM

;************************************************************************
;* 1. TIMER0 SERVICE VECTOR ORG = 0BH
;************************************************************************
ORG 000BH
CLR TR0 ; TR0 = 0, STOP TIMER0
MOV TL0,R6
MOV TH0,R7
RETI

;************************************************************************
;* 4KB LDROM MAIN PROGRAM
;************************************************************************
ORG 100H

W78E516B

- 24 -

MAIN_4K:

MOV CHPENR,#87H ; CHPENR = 87H, CHPCON WRITE ENABLE.
MOV CHPENR,#59H ; CHPENR = 59H, CHPCON WRITE ENABLE.
MOV A,CHPCON
ANL A,#80H
CJNE A,#80H,UPDATE_64K ; CHECK F04KBOOT MODE ?

MOV CHPCON,#03H ; CHPCON = 03H, ENABLE IN-SYSTEM PROGRAMMING.
MOV CHPENR,#00H ; DISABLE CHPCON WRITE ATTRIBUTE

MOV TCON,#00H ; TCON = 00H, TR = 0 TIMER0 STOP
MOV TMOD,#01H ; TMOD = 01H, SET TIMER0 A 16BIT TIMER
MOV IP,#00H ; IP = 00H
MOV IE,#82H ; IE = 82H, TIMER0 INTERRUPT ENABLED
MOV R6,#FEH
MOV R7,#FFH
MOV TL0,R6
MOV TH0,R7
MOV TCON,#10H ; TCON = 10H, TR0 = 1, GO
MOV PCON,#01H ; ENTER IDLE MODE

UPDATE_64K:

MOV CHPENR,#00H ; DISABLE CHPCON WRITE-ATTRIBUTE
MOV TCON,#00H ; TCON = 00H , TR = 0 TIM0 STOP
MOV IP,#00H ; IP = 00H
MOV IE,#82H ; IE = 82H, TIMER0 INTERRUPT ENABLED
MOV TMOD,#01H ; TMOD = 01H, MODE1
MOV R6,#3CH ; SET WAKE-UP TIME FOR ERASE OPERATION, ABOUT 15 mS. DEPENDING
; ON USER'S SYSTEM CLOCK RATE.
MOV R7,#B0H
MOV TL0,R6
MOV TH0,R7

ERASE_P_4K:

MOV SFRCN,#22H ; SFRCN(C7H) = 22H ERASE 64K
MOV TCON,#10H ; TCON = 10H, TR0 = 1,GO
MOV PCON,#01H ; ENTER IDLE MODE (FOR ERASE OPERATION)

;*********************************************************************
;* BLANK CHECK
;*********************************************************************
MOV SFRCN,#0H ; READ 64KB APROM MODE
MOV SFRAH,#0H ; START ADDRESS = 0H
MOV SFRAL,#0H
MOV R6,#FBH ; SET TIMER FOR READ OPERATION, ABOUT 1.5

MOV R7,#FFH
MOV TL0,R6
MOV TH0,R7

BLANK_CHECK_LOOP:

SETB TR0 ; ENABLE TIMER 0
MOV PCON,#01H ; ENTER IDLE MODE
MOV A,SFRFD ; READ ONE BYTE
CJNE A,#FFH,BLANK_CHECK_ERROR

W78E516B

Publication Release Date: February 2000

- 25 - Revision A3

INC SFRAL ; NEXT ADDRESS
MOV A,SFRAL
JNZ BLANK_CHECK_LOOP
INC SFRAH
MOV A,SFRAH
CJNE A,#0H,BLANK_CHECK_LOOP ; END ADDRESS = FFFFH
JMP PROGRAM_64KROM

BLANK_CHECK_ERROR:
MOV P1,#F0H
MOV P3,#F0H
JMP $

;*******************************************************************************
;* RE-PROGRAMMING 64KB APROM BANK
;*******************************************************************************
PROGRAM_64KROM:

MOV DPTR,#0H ; THE ADDRESS OF NEW ROM CODE
MOV R2,#00H ; TARGET LOW BYTE ADDRESS
MOV R1,#00H ; TARGET HIGH BYTE ADDRESS
MOV DPTR,#0H ; EXTERNAL SRAM BUFFER ADDRESS
MOV SFRAH,R1 ; SFRAH, TARGET HIGH ADDRESS
MOV SFRCN,#21H ; SFRCN(C7H) = 21 (PROGRAM 64K)

MOV R6,#5AH ; SET TIMER FOR PROGRAMMING, ABOUT 50

MOV R7,#FFH
MOV TL0,R6
MOV TH0,R7

PROG_D_64K:

MOV SFRAL,R2 ; SFRAL(C4H) = LOW BYTE ADDRESS
MOVX A,@DPTR ; READ DATA FROM EXTERNAL SRAM BUFFER
MOV SFRFD,A ; SFRFD(C6H) = DATA IN
MOV TCON,#10H ; TCON = 10H, TR0 = 1,GO
MOV PCON,#01H ; ENTER IDLE MODE (PRORGAMMING)
INC DPTR
INC R2
CJNE R2,#0H,PROG_D_64K
INC R1
MOV SFRAH,R1
CJNE R1,#0H,PROG_D_64K

;*****************************************************************************
; * VERIFY 64KB APROM BANK
;*****************************************************************************
MOV R4,#03H ; ERROR COUNTER
MOV R6,#FBH ; SET TIMER FOR READ VERIFY, ABOUT 1.5

MOV R7,#FFH
MOV TL0,R6
MOV TH0,R7
MOV DPTR,#0H ; The start address of sample code
MOV R2,#0H ; Target low byte address
MOV R1,#0H ; Target high byte address
MOV SFRAH,R1 ; SFRAH, Target high address
MOV SFRCN,#00H ; SFRCN = 00 (Read ROM CODE)

W78E516B

- 26 -

READ_VERIFY_64K:

MOV SFRAL,R2 ; SFRAL(C4H) = LOW ADDRESS
MOV TCON,#10H ; TCON = 10H, TR0 = 1,GO
MOV PCON,#01H
INC R2
MOVX A,@DPTR
INC DPTR
CJNE A,SFRFD,ERROR_64K
CJNE R2,#0H,READ_VERIFY_64K
INC R1
MOV SFRAH,R1
CJNE R1,#0H,READ_VERIFY_64K

;******************************************************************************
;* PROGRAMMING COMPLETLY, SOFTWARE RESET CPU
;******************************************************************************
MOV CHPENR,#87H ; CHPENR = 87H
MOV CHPENR,#59H ; CHPENR = 59H
MOV CHPCON,#83H ; CHPCON = 83H, SOFTWARE RESET.

ERROR_64K:

DJNZ R4,UPDATE_64K ; IF ERROR OCCURS, REPEAT 3 TIMES.
. ; IN-SYSTEM PROGRAMMING FAIL, USER'S PROCESS TO DEAL WITH IT.
.
.
.

Headquarters

No. 4, Creation Rd. III,
Science-Based Industrial Park,
Hsinchu, Taiwan
TEL: 886-3-5770066
FAX: 886-3-5792766
http://www.winbond.com.tw/
Voice & Fax-on-demand: 886-2-27197006

Taipei Office

11F, No. 115, Sec. 3, Min-Sheng East Rd.,
Taipei, Taiwan
TEL: 886-2-27190505
FAX: 886-2-27197502

Winbond Electronics (H.K.) Ltd.

Rm. 803, World Trade Square, Tower II,
123 Hoi Bun Rd., Kwun Tong,
Kowloon, Hong Kong
TEL: 852-27513100
FAX: 852-27552064

Winbond Electronics North America Corp.
Winbond Memory Lab.
Winbond Microelectronics Corp.
Winbond Systems Lab.

2727 N. First Street, San Jose,
CA 95134, U.S.A.
TEL: 408-9436666
FAX: 408-5441798

Note: All data and specifications are subject to change without notice.

Ð­Ð»ÐµÐºÑ‚Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ñ‹Ð¹ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð¾Ð½ÐµÐ½Ñ‚: W78E516

ÐÐ»ÐµÐºÑ‚Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ñ‹Ð¹ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð¾Ð½ÐµÐ½Ñ‚: W78E516