X9C102/103/104/503

©Xicor, Inc. 1994, 1995 Patents Pending

Characteristics subject to change without notice

3863-2.4 9/18/96 T2/C0/D0 SH

DESCRIPTION

The Xicor X9C102/103/104/503 is a solid state nonvola-
tile potentiometer and is ideal for digitally controlled
resistance trimming.

The X9C102/103/104/503 is a resistor array composed of
99 resistive elements. Between each element and at
either end are tap points accessible to the wiper element.
The position of the wiper element is controlled by the

, and

INC

inputs. The position of the wiper can be

stored in nonvolatile memory and then be recalled upon a
subsequent power-up operation.

The resolution of the X9C102/103/104/503 is equal to
the maximum resistance value divided by 99. As an
example, for the X9C503 (50K

) each tap point repre-

sents 505

All Xicor nonvolatile memories are designed and tested
for applications requiring extended endurance and data
retention.

FEATURES

Compatible with X9102/103/104/503

Low Power CMOS
--V

= 5V

--Active Current, 3mA Max
--Standby Current, 500

A Max

99 Resistive Elements
--Temperature Compensated
--

20% End to End Resistance Range

100 Wiper Tap Points
--Wiper Positioned via Three-Wire Interface
--Similar to TTL Up/Down Counter
--Wiper Position Stored in Nonvolatile
Memory and Recalled on Power-Up

100 Year Wiper Position Data Retention

X9C102 = 1K

X9C103 = 10K

X9C503 = 50K

X9C104 = 100K

POT

Nonvolatile Digital Potentiometer

X9C102/103/104/503

POT

is a trademark of Xicor, Inc.

3863 FHD F01

FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM

7-BIT

UP/DOWN

COUNTER

7-BIT

NONVOLATILE

MEMORY

STORE AND

RECALL

CONTROL

CIRCUITRY

ONE

ONE-

HUNDRED
DECODER

RESISTOR

ARRAY

VL
VW

U/D

INC

VCC

GND

TRANSFER

GATES

Terminal Voltage

5V, 100 Taps

PPLICATION

OTES

A V A I L A B L E

AN42 · AN4448 · AN50 · AN52 · AN53 · AN71 · AN73

X9C102/103/104/503

PIN DESCRIPTIONS

and V

The high (V

) and low (V

) terminals of the X9C102/103/

104/503 are equivalent to the fixed terminals of a
mechanical potentiometer. The minimum voltage is 5V
and the maximum is +5V. It should be noted that the
terminology of V

and V

references the relative position

of the terminal in relation to wiper movement direction
selected by the U/

input and not the voltage potential on

the terminal.

is the wiper terminal, equivalent to the movable

terminal of a mechanical potentiometer. The position
of the wiper within the array is determined by the
control inputs. The wiper terminal series resistance is
typically 40

Up/Down (U/

)

The U/

input controls the direction of the wiper

movement and whether the counter is incremented or
decremented.

Increment (

INC

)

The

INC

input is negative-edge triggered. Toggling

INC

will move the wiper and either increment or decrement
the counter in the direction indicated by the logic level on
the U/

input.

Chip Select (

)

The device is selected when the

input is LOW. The

current counter value is stored in nonvolatile memory
when

is returned HIGH while the

INC

input is also

HIGH. After the store operation is complete the X9C102/
103/104/503 will be placed in the low power standby
mode until the device is selected once again.

PIN CONFIGURATION

PIN NAMES

Symbol

Description

High Terminal

Wiper Terminal

Low Terminal

Ground

Supply Voltage

Up/Down Input

INC

Increment Input

Chip Select Input

No Connect

3863 PGM T01

VCC
CS

VL
VW

3863 FHD F02.2

INC

U/D

VSS

X9C102/

103/104/503

DIP/SOIC

X9C102/103/104/503

DEVICE OPERATION

There are three sections of the X9C102/103/104/503:
the input control, counter and decode section; the non-
volatile memory; and the resistor array. The input control
section operates just like an up/down counter. The
output of this counter is decoded to turn on a single
electronic switch connecting a point on the resistor array
to the wiper output. Under the proper conditions the
contents of the counter can be stored in nonvolatile
memory and retained for future use. The resistor array
is comprised of 99 individual resistors connected in
series. At either end of the array and between each
resistor is an electronic switch that transfers the
potential at that point to the wiper.

The

INC

, U/

and

inputs control the movement of the

wiper along the resistor array. With

set LOW the

X9C102/103/104/503 is selected and enabled to
respond to the U/

and

INC

inputs. HIGH to LOW

transitions on

INC

will increment or decrement

(depending on the state of the U/

input) a seven-bit

counter. The output of this counter is decoded to
select one of one-hundred wiper positions along the
resistive array.

The wiper, when at either fixed terminal, acts like its
mechanical equivalent and does not move beyond the
last position. That is, the counter does not wrap around
when clocked to either extreme.

The value of the counter is stored in nonvolatile memory
whenever

transistions HIGH while the

INC

input is

also HIGH.

When the X9C102/103/104/503 is powered-down, the
last counter position stored will be maintained in the
nonvolatile memory. When power is restored, the con-
tents of the memory are recalled and the counter is reset
to the value last stored.

OPERATION NOTES

The system may select the X9C102/103/104/503, move
the wiper, and deselect the device without having to
store the latest wiper, position in nonvolatile memory.
The wiper movement is performed as described above;
once the new position is reached, the system would the
keep

INC

LOW while taking

HIGH. The new wiper

position would be maintained until changed by the
system or until a power-down/up cycle recalled the
previously stored data.

This would allow the system to always power-up to a
preset value stored in nonvolatile memory; then during
system operation minor adjustments could be made.
The adjustments might be based on user preference:
system parameter changes due to temperature drift,
etc...

The state of U/

may be changed while

remains

LOW. This allows the host system to enable the
X9C102/103/104/503 and then move the wiper up and
down until the proper trim is attained.

TOTAL

The electronic switches on the X9C102/103/104/503
operate in a "make before break" mode when the wiper
changes tap positions. If the wiper is moved several
positions, multiple taps are connected to the wiper for
t

(

INC

to V

change). The R

TOTAL

value for the device

can temporarily be reduced by a significant amount
if the wiper is moved several positions.

TOTAL

with V

Removed

The end to end resistance of the array will fluctuate once
V

is removed.

SYMBOL TABLE

WAVEFORM

INPUTS

OUTPUTS

Must be
steady

Will be
steady

May change
from LOW
to HIGH

Will change
from LOW
to HIGH

May change
from HIGH
to LOW

Will change
from HIGH
to LOW

Don't Care:
Changes
Allowed

Changing:
State Not
Known

N/A

Center Line
is High
Impedance

X9C102/103/104/503

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS*

Temperature under Bias .................. 65

C to +135

Storage Temperature ....................... 65

C to +150

Voltage on

INC

, U/

and V

with Respect to V

SS ...............................

1V to +7V

Voltage on V

and V

Referenced to V

SS .................................

8V to +8V

V = |V

X9C102 ............................................................. 4V
X9C103, X9C503, and X9C104 ...................... 10V

Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 seconds) .... +300

Wiper Current .....................................................

1mA

*COMMENT

Stresses above those listed under "Absolute Maximum
Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device.
This is a stress rating only and the functional operation
of the device at these or any other conditions above
those listed in the operational sections of this specifica-
tion is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum
rating conditions for extended periods may affect device
reliability.

ANALOG CHARACTERISTICS

Electrical Characteristics

End-to-End Resistance Tolerance .....................

20%

Power Rating at 25

X9C102 ....................................................... 16mW
X9C103, X9C503, and X9C104 .................. 10mW

Wiper Current ............................................

1mA Max.

Typical Wiper Resistance ......................... 40

at 1mA

Typical Noise .......................... < 120dB/

Hz Ref: 1V

Resolution

Resistance ............................................................. 1%

Linearity

Absolute Linearity

(1) ........................................

1.0 Ml

(2)

Relative Linearity

(3)

.....................................

0.2 Ml

(2)

Temperature Coefficient

(40

C to +85

X9C102 ...................................... +600 ppm/

C Typical

X9C103, X9C503, X9C104 ........ +300 ppm/

C Typical

Ratiometric Temperature Coefficient ............

20 ppm

Wiper Adjustability

Unlimited Wiper Adjustment (Non-Store operation)

Wiper Position Store Operations ................... 10,000
Data Changes

Physical Characteristics

Marking Includes

Manufacturer`s Trademark
Resistance Value or Code
Date Code

Test Circuit #1

Test Circuit #2

3863 FHD F04

3863 FHD F05

FORCE
CURRENT

TEST POINT

Notes: (1) Absolute Linearity is utilized to determine actual wiper voltage versus expected voltage

= (V

w(n)

(actual) V

w(n)

(expected)) =

1 Ml Maximum.

(2) 1 Ml = Minimum Increment = R

TOT

/99.

(3) Relative Linearity is a measure of the error in step size between taps = V

W(n+1)

w(n)

+ Ml] = +0.2 Ml.

X9C102/103/104/503

RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS

Temperature

Min.

Max.

Commercial

+70

Industrial

+85

Military

+125

3863 PGM T03.1

Supply Voltage

Limits

X9C102/103/104/503

10%

D.C. OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS (Over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise specified.)

Limits

Symbol

Parameter

Min.

Typ.

(4)

Max.

Units

Test Conditions

Active Current

= V

, U/

= V

or V

and

INC

= 0.4V to 2.4V @ max. t

CYC

Standby Supply Current

200

500

= V

0.3V, U/

and

INC

or V

0.3V

INC

, U/

Input

= V

to V

Leakage Current

INC

, U/

Input

+ 1

HIGH Voltage

INC

, U/

Input

0.8

LOW Voltage

Wiper Resistence

100

Max. Wiper Current

1mA

VH Terminal Voltage

VL Terminal Voltage

(5)

INC

, U/

Input

= 5V, V

= V

Capacitance

= 25

C, f = 1MHz

3863 PGM T05.3

STANDARD PARTS

Part Number

Maximum Resistance

Wiper Increments

Minimum Resistance

X9C102

10.1

X9C103

10K

101

X9C503

50K

505

X9C104

100K

1010

3863 PGM T08.1

Notes: (4) Typical values are for T

= 25

C and nominal supply voltage.

(5) This parameter is periodically sampled and not 100% tested.

3863 PGM T04.2

X9C102/103/104/503

A.C. CONDITIONS OF TEST

Input Pulse Levels

0V to 3V

Input Rise and Fall Times

10ns

Input Reference Levels

1.5V

3863 PGM T05.1

MODE SELECTION

INC

Mode

Wiper Up

Wiper Down

Store Wiper Position

Standby Current

No Store, Return to
Standby

3863 PGM T06

A.C. OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS (Over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise specified)

Limits

Symbol

Parameter

Min.

Typ.

(6)

Max.

Units

INC

Setup

100

INC

HIGH to U/

Change

100

INC

Setup

2.9

INC

LOW Period

INC

HIGH Period

INC

Inactive to

Inactive

CPH

Deselect Time

INC

to Vw Change

100

500

CYC

INC

Cycle Time

(7)

INC

Input Rise and Fall Time

500

(7)

Power up to Wiper Stable

500

(7)

Power-up Rate

0.2

mV/

3863 PGM T07.3

A.C. Timing

3863 FHD F03

INC

U/D

tCI

tIL

tIH

tCYC

tID

tDI

tIW

(8)

tIC

tCPH

10%

90%

Notes: (6) Typical values are for T

= 25

C and nominal supply voltage.

(7) This parameter is periodically sampled and not 100% tested.
(8) MI in the A.C. timing diagram refers to the minimum incremental change in the V

output due to a change in the wiper position.

X9C102/103/104/503

0.020 (0.51)

0.016 (0.41)

0.150 (3.81)

0.125 (3.18)

0.325 (8.25)

0.300 (7.62)

0.110 (2.79)

0.090 (2.29)

0.430 (10.92)

0.360 (9.14)

0.300

(7.62) REF.

PIN 1 INDEX

0.140 (3.56)

0.130 (3.30)

0.020 (0.51)

0.015 (0.38)

3926 FHD F01

PIN 1

SEATING

PLANE

0.062 (1.57)

0.058 (1.47)

0.255 (6.47)

0.245 (6.22)

0.060 (1.52)

0.020 (0.51)

TYP. 0.010 (0.25)

NOTE: ALL DIMENSIONS IN INCHES (IN PARENTHESES IN MILLIMETERS)

0.092 (2.34)

DIA. NOM.

HALF SHOULDER WIDTH ON

ALL END PINS OPTIONAL

0.015 (0.38)

MAX.

PACKAGING INFORMATION

8-LEAD PLASTIC DUAL IN-LINE PACKAGE TYPE P

NOTE: ALL DIMENSIONS IN INCHES (IN PARENTHESES IN MILLIMETERS)

X9C102/103/104/503

LIMITED WARRANTY

Devices sold by Xicor, Inc. are covered by the warranty and patent indemnification provisions appearing in its Terms of Sale only. Xicor, Inc. makes no warranty,
express, statutory, implied, or by description regarding the information set forth herein or regarding the freedom of the described devices from patent infringement.
Xicor, Inc. makes no warranty of merchantability or fitness for any purpose. Xicor, Inc. reserves the right to discontinue production and change specifications and
prices at any time and without notice.

Xicor, Inc. assumes no responsibility for the use of any circuitry other than circuitry embodied in a Xicor, Inc. product. No other circuits, patents, licenses are
implied.

U.S. PATENTS
Xicor products are covered by one or more of the following U.S. Patents: 4,263,664; 4,274,012; 4,300,212; 4,314,265; 4,326,134; 4,393,481; 4,404,475;
4,450,402; 4,486,769; 4,488,060; 4,520,461; 4,533,846; 4,599,706; 4,617,652; 4,668,932; 4,752,912; 4,829, 482; 4,874, 967; 4,883, 976. Foreign patents and
additional patents pending.

LIFE RELATED POLICY
In situations where semiconductor component failure may endanger life, system designers using this product should design the system with appropriate error
detection and correction, redundancy and back-up features to prevent such an occurence.

Xicor's products are not authorized for use in critical components in life support devices or systems.
1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and whose

failure to perform, when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a significant
injury to the user.

2. A critical component is any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life

support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness.

Temperature Range
Blank = Commercial = 0

C to +70

I = Industrial = 40

C to +85

M = Military = 55

C to +125

Package
P = 8-Lead Plastic DIP
S = 8-Lead SOIC

End to End Resistance
102 = 1K

103 = 10K

503 = 50K

104 = 100K

X9CXXX

ORDERING INFORMATION

Document Outline

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Document Outline

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